मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-7, verse-18
दातव्यं रक्षितव्यं च धर्मज्ञेन महीक्षिता ।
चापं चोद्यम्य योद्धव्यं धर्मशास्त्रानुसारतः ॥१८॥
चापं चोद्यम्य योद्धव्यं धर्मशास्त्रानुसारतः ॥१८॥
18. dātavyaṃ rakṣitavyaṃ ca dharmajñena mahīkṣitā .
cāpaṃ codyamya yoddhavyaṃ dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ.
cāpaṃ codyamya yoddhavyaṃ dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ.
18.
dātavyam rakṣitavyam ca dharmajñena mahīkṣitā
cāpam ca udyamya yoddhavyam dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ
cāpam ca udyamya yoddhavyam dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ
18.
What should be given and what should be protected must be done by a king who understands natural law (dharma). Also, one must fight after raising the bow, in accordance with the scriptures of natural law (dharma-śāstra).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, to be given
- रक्षितव्यम् (rakṣitavyam) - should be protected, to be protected
- च (ca) - and, also
- धर्मज्ञेन (dharmajñena) - by one who knows natural law (dharma), by a knower of duty
- महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by the king, by the ruler of the earth
- चापम् (cāpam) - bow
- च (ca) - and, also
- उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted up
- योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - should be fought, to be fought
- धर्मशास्त्रानुसारतः (dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ) - according to the scriptures of natural law (dharma)
Words meanings and morphology
दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given, to be given
(adjective)
neuter, singular of dātavya
dātavya - to be given, should be given
Gerundive
Formed from root dā with suffix -tavya.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Used impersonally, 'it should be given'.
रक्षितव्यम् (rakṣitavyam) - should be protected, to be protected
(adjective)
neuter, singular of rakṣitavya
rakṣitavya - to be protected, should be protected
Gerundive
Formed from root rakṣ with suffix -tavya.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Used impersonally, 'it should be protected'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
धर्मज्ञेन (dharmajñena) - by one who knows natural law (dharma), by a knower of duty
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmajña
dharmajña - knower of natural law (dharma), one who understands duty
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)
- dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - jña – knowing, one who knows
adjective
From root jñā (to know).
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Agrees with 'mahīkṣitā'.
महीक्षिता (mahīkṣitā) - by the king, by the ruler of the earth
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahīkṣit
mahīkṣit - ruler of the earth, king
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+kṣit)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - kṣit – ruler, dwelling
noun (masculine)
From root kṣi (to rule, to dwell).
Root: kṣi (class 2)
चापम् (cāpam) - bow
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa
cāpa - bow
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted up
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Formed from root yam with prefix ud, followed by -ya suffix for absolutive.
Prefix: ud
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Absolutive (Gerund).
योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - should be fought, to be fought
(adjective)
neuter, singular of yoddhavya
yoddhavya - to be fought, should be fought
Gerundive
Formed from root yudh with suffix -tavya.
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Used impersonally, 'it should be fought'.
धर्मशास्त्रानुसारतः (dharmaśāstrānusārataḥ) - according to the scriptures of natural law (dharma)
(indeclinable)
Formed from dharmaśāstrānusāra with suffix -tas.
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+śāstra+anusāra)
- dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - śāstra – scripture, treatise, rule
noun (neuter)
Root: śās (class 2) - anusāra – conformity, accordance
noun (masculine)
From root sṛ with prefix anu.
Prefix: anu
Root: sṛ (class 1)
Note: Formed with suffix -tas to indicate 'from' or 'according to'.