मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-58, verse-3
कथं स संस्थितो देवः कूर्मरूपी जनार्दनः ।
शुभाशुभं मनुष्याणां व्यज्यते च ततः कथम् ।
यथामुखं यथापादन्तस्य तद् ब्रूह्यशेषतः ॥३॥
शुभाशुभं मनुष्याणां व्यज्यते च ततः कथम् ।
यथामुखं यथापादन्तस्य तद् ब्रूह्यशेषतः ॥३॥
3. kathaṃ sa saṃsthito devaḥ kūrmarūpī janārdanaḥ .
śubhāśubhaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ vyajyate ca tataḥ katham .
yathāmukhaṃ yathāpādantasya tad brūhyaśeṣataḥ.
śubhāśubhaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ vyajyate ca tataḥ katham .
yathāmukhaṃ yathāpādantasya tad brūhyaśeṣataḥ.
3.
katham sa saṃsthitaḥ devaḥ kūrmarūpī
janārdanaḥ śubhāśubham manuṣyāṇām
vyajyate ca tataḥ katham yathāmukham
yathāpādam tasya tat brūhi aśeṣataḥ
janārdanaḥ śubhāśubham manuṣyāṇām
vyajyate ca tataḥ katham yathāmukham
yathāpādam tasya tat brūhi aśeṣataḥ
3.
How is that divine Lord Janārdana (Viṣṇu), who has taken the form of a tortoise, situated? And how is the good and bad fortune of human beings revealed through him? Please describe everything in full detail, according to his face and according to his feet.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- स (sa) - he, that
- संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - situated, placed, established
- देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being
- कूर्मरूपी (kūrmarūpī) - in the form of a tortoise
- जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (a name of Viṣṇu)
- शुभाशुभम् (śubhāśubham) - good and bad fortune (good and bad, fortune and misfortune)
- मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of mankind
- व्यज्यते (vyajyate) - is revealed (is manifested, is expressed, is revealed)
- च (ca) - and, also
- ततः (tataḥ) - through him (from that, thence, then, therefore)
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- यथामुखम् (yathāmukham) - according to his face (according to the face)
- यथापादम् (yathāpādam) - according to his feet (according to the feet)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Janārdana) (his, its)
- तत् (tat) - this matter/everything (that, therefore)
- ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say
- अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
Words meanings and morphology
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.
स (sa) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to Janārdana.
संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - situated, placed, established
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsthita
saṁsthita - situated, placed, established, standing
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix sam + kta suffix
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Predicate for Janārdana.
देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Note: Apposition to Janārdana.
कूर्मरूपी (kūrmarūpī) - in the form of a tortoise
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kūrmarūpin
kūrmarūpin - having the form of a tortoise, tortoise-shaped
Compound noun + suffix -in forming an adjective
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kūrma+rūpa)
- kūrma – tortoise, turtle
noun (masculine) - rūpa – form, shape, appearance
noun (neuter)
Note: Describes Janārdana.
जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janārdana (a name of Viṣṇu)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana
janārdana - Janārdana (name of Viṣṇu, meaning 'agitator of men' or 'one who is worshipped by men')
Note: Subject of the sentence.
शुभाशुभम् (śubhāśubham) - good and bad fortune (good and bad, fortune and misfortune)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhāśubha
śubhāśubha - good and bad, auspicious and inauspicious, fortune and misfortune
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (śubha+aśubha)
- śubha – good, auspicious, fortunate
adjective (neuter) - aśubha – bad, inauspicious, unfortunate
adjective (neuter)
Negative compound of śubha
Prefix: a
Note: Object of 'vyajyate'.
मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of mankind
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya
manuṣya - human being, man
Note: Possessive for 'śubhāśubham'.
व्यज्यते (vyajyate) - is revealed (is manifested, is expressed, is revealed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vyaj
Present passive, 3rd person singular
Prefixes: vi+an
Root: añj (class 7)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
ततः (tataḥ) - through him (from that, thence, then, therefore)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial suffix -tas from tad (that)
Note: Adverbial usage indicating source/cause.
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.
यथामुखम् (yathāmukham) - according to his face (according to the face)
(indeclinable)
Avyayībhāva compound
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+mukha)
- yathā – as, according to, just as
indeclinable - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Adverbial compound.
यथापादम् (yathāpādam) - according to his feet (according to the feet)
(indeclinable)
Avyayībhāva compound
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pāda)
- yathā – as, according to, just as
indeclinable - pāda – foot, quarter
noun (masculine)
Note: Adverbial compound.
तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Janārdana) (his, its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Possessive, modifies 'mukha' and 'pāda' implicitly.
तत् (tat) - this matter/everything (that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'brūhi'.
ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū
Imperative active, 2nd person singular
Root: brū (class 2)
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
(indeclinable)
Derived from aśeṣa (without remainder) + suffix -tas
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śeṣa)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
noun (masculine)
Note: Adverbial usage.