मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-9
प्रागेवात्मात्मना जेयो योगिनां स हि दुर्जयः ।
कुर्वीत तज्जये यत्नं तस्योपायं शृणुष्व मे ॥९॥
कुर्वीत तज्जये यत्नं तस्योपायं शृणुष्व मे ॥९॥
9. prāgevātmātmanā jeyo yogināṃ sa hi durjayaḥ .
kurvīta tajjaye yatnaṃ tasyopāyaṃ śṛṇuṣva me.
kurvīta tajjaye yatnaṃ tasyopāyaṃ śṛṇuṣva me.
9.
prāg eva ātmā ātmanā jeyaḥ yoginām saḥ hi durjayaḥ
kurvīta tad-jaye yatnam tasya upāyam śṛṇuṣva me
kurvīta tad-jaye yatnam tasya upāyam śṛṇuṣva me
9.
First and foremost, the self (ātman) should indeed be conquered by the (higher) self (ātman). For practitioners of yoga (yoga), that (lower) self (ātman) is truly difficult to conquer. One should make an effort for its conquest; now, listen from me to the means for achieving it.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्राग् (prāg) - first and foremost (before, formerly, first)
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- आत्मा (ātmā) - the (lower) self (ātman) to be conquered (the self, the soul, the individual soul)
- आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the (higher) self (ātman), through self-control (by the self, by the soul)
- जेयः (jeyaḥ) - to be conquered, conquerable, ought to be conquered
- योगिनाम् (yoginām) - of yogis, for yogis
- सः (saḥ) - that (self) (that, he)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - difficult to conquer, unconquerable
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should make
- तद्-जये (tad-jaye) - for the conquest of that (self) (for its conquest, in its conquest)
- यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor
- तस्य (tasya) - for that (self's conquest) (of it, for it)
- उपायम् (upāyam) - means, method, way
- शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen, hear
- मे (me) - from me, for me
Words meanings and morphology
प्राग् (prāg) - first and foremost (before, formerly, first)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
आत्मा (ātmā) - the (lower) self (ātman) to be conquered (the self, the soul, the individual soul)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, individual essence, spirit (ātman)
आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the (higher) self (ātman), through self-control (by the self, by the soul)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, individual essence, spirit (ātman)
जेयः (jeyaḥ) - to be conquered, conquerable, ought to be conquered
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jeya
jeya - to be conquered, conquerable, vincible, should be conquered
Gerundive
From root 'ji' (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1)
योगिनाम् (yoginām) - of yogis, for yogis
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of yogin
yogin - a practitioner of yoga, ascetic, meditator (yogin)
From 'yoga' + 'in' suffix
Root: yuj (class 7)
सः (saḥ) - that (self) (that, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'ātman'
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - difficult to conquer, unconquerable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of durjaya
durjaya - difficult to conquer, hard to overcome, unconquerable
Compound: 'dur' (difficult) + 'jaya' (conquest)
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should make
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तद्-जये (tad-jaye) - for the conquest of that (self) (for its conquest, in its conquest)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad-jaya
tad-jaya - conquest of that, victory over that
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tad+jaya)
- tad – that, it
pronoun (neuter) - jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
noun (masculine)
Root: ji (class 1)
यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna
yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt
From root 'yat' (to endeavor)
Root: yat (class 1)
तस्य (tasya) - for that (self's conquest) (of it, for it)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'ātman'
उपायम् (upāyam) - means, method, way
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of upāya
upāya - means, method, stratagem, approach
From 'upa' (towards) + root 'i' (to go)
Prefix: upa
Root: i (class 2)
शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen, hear
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of śru
Root: śru (class 5)
मे (me) - from me, for me
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of mad
mad - I, me
Note: Can be dative or genitive also; here interpreted as ablative ('from me').