मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-31
सम्पश्यन् नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन् ।
रजसा तमसो वृत्तिं सत्त्वेन रजसस्तथा ॥३१॥
रजसा तमसो वृत्तिं सत्त्वेन रजसस्तथा ॥३१॥
31. sampaśyan nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan .
rajasā tamaso vṛttiṃ sattvena rajasastathā.
rajasā tamaso vṛttiṃ sattvena rajasastathā.
31.
sampśyan nāsikāgram svam diśaḥ ca anavalokayan
rajasā tamasaḥ vṛttim sattvena rajasaḥ tathā
rajasā tamasaḥ vṛttim sattvena rajasaḥ tathā
31.
One should look steadily at one's own nose-tip and not gaze in any direction. The activity of darkness (tamas) should be overcome by passion (rajas), and similarly, passion (rajas) by purity (sattva).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सम्पश्यन् (sampaśyan) - looking steadily (seeing completely, observing, looking intently)
- नासिकाग्रम् (nāsikāgram) - nose-tip, end of the nose
- स्वम् (svam) - one's own, his own, self
- दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters
- च (ca) - and, also
- अनवलोकयन् (anavalokayan) - not gazing (not looking, not observing)
- रजसा (rajasā) - by passion (rajas) (by passion, by activity, by rajas)
- तमसः (tamasaḥ) - of darkness (tamas) (of darkness, of inertia, of tamas)
- वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - activity, influence (activity, mode, state, modification)
- सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by purity (sattva) (by purity, by goodness, by sattva)
- रजसः (rajasaḥ) - of passion (rajas) (of passion, of activity, of rajas)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)
Words meanings and morphology
सम्पश्यन् (sampaśyan) - looking steadily (seeing completely, observing, looking intently)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sampaśyat
sampaśyat - seeing completely, observing
Present Active Participle
From the root 'dṛś' (to see) with prefix 'sam' (completely) and causative 'paś' substitution, forming a present active participle. Declines like a noun.
Prefix: sam
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Refers to the practitioner.
नासिकाग्रम् (nāsikāgram) - nose-tip, end of the nose
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nāsikāgra
nāsikāgra - nose-tip
Compound of nāsikā (nose) and agra (tip).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāsikā+agra)
- nāsikā – nose
noun (feminine) - agra – tip, front, point, end
noun (neuter)
स्वम् (svam) - one's own, his own, self
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sva
sva - one's own, self, own property
Note: Modifies 'nāsikāgram'.
दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of diś
diś - direction, quarter of the sky
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अनवलोकयन् (anavalokayan) - not gazing (not looking, not observing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anavalokayat
anavalokayat - not looking at, not observing
Present Active Participle
From the root 'lok' (to see) with prefixes 'ava' and 'an' (negation), forming a present active participle.
Prefixes: an+ava
Root: lok (class 10)
Note: Refers to the practitioner, parallel to 'sampaśyan'.
रजसा (rajasā) - by passion (rajas) (by passion, by activity, by rajas)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas
rajas - dust, gloom, passion, activity (one of the three guṇas)
Note: Refers to the guṇa rajas.
तमसः (tamasaḥ) - of darkness (tamas) (of darkness, of inertia, of tamas)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of tamas
tamas - darkness, ignorance, inertia (one of the three guṇas)
Note: Refers to the guṇa tamas.
वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - activity, influence (activity, mode, state, modification)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtti
vṛtti - mode of being, conduct, activity, modification, function
From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn).
Root: vṛt (class 1)
सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by purity (sattva) (by purity, by goodness, by sattva)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of sattva
sattva - existence, reality, purity, goodness (one of the three guṇas)
Note: Refers to the guṇa sattva.
रजसः (rajasaḥ) - of passion (rajas) (of passion, of activity, of rajas)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of rajas
rajas - dust, gloom, passion, activity (one of the three guṇas)
Note: Refers to the guṇa rajas.
तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)
(indeclinable)