मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-14
लघुर्द्वादशमात्रस्तु द्विगुणः स तु मध्यमः ।
त्रिगुणाभिस्तु मात्राभिरुत्तमः परिकीर्त्तितः ॥१४॥
त्रिगुणाभिस्तु मात्राभिरुत्तमः परिकीर्त्तितः ॥१४॥
14. laghurdvādaśamātrastu dviguṇaḥ sa tu madhyamaḥ .
triguṇābhistu mātrābhiruttamaḥ parikīrttitaḥ.
triguṇābhistu mātrābhiruttamaḥ parikīrttitaḥ.
14.
laghuḥ dvādaśamātraḥ tu dviguṇaḥ saḥ tu madhyamaḥ
triguṇābhiḥ tu mātrābhiḥ uttamaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
triguṇābhiḥ tu mātrābhiḥ uttamaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
14.
The Laghu (short) type of prāṇāyāma is of twelve mātrās. The Madhya (medium) type is indeed double that. And the Uttama (superior) type is declared to be with three times the number of mātrās.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- लघुः (laghuḥ) - Laghu (short type of prāṇāyāma) (light, small, short)
- द्वादशमात्रः (dvādaśamātraḥ) - having a duration of twelve mātrās (consisting of twelve mātrās)
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
- द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - double that (of Laghu) (double, twofold)
- सः (saḥ) - that (one, referring to Madhya prāṇāyāma) (he, that)
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
- मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - Madhya (medium type of prāṇāyāma) (middle, medium)
- त्रिगुणाभिः (triguṇābhiḥ) - with three times the mātrās (with three times, by triple quantity)
- तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
- मात्राभिः (mātrābhiḥ) - with the number of mātrās (by mātrās, with measures)
- उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - Uttama (superior type of prāṇāyāma) (best, highest, superior)
- परिकीर्तितः (parikīrtitaḥ) - is declared/defined (declared, renowned, celebrated)
Words meanings and morphology
लघुः (laghuḥ) - Laghu (short type of prāṇāyāma) (light, small, short)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of laghu
laghu - light, small, quick, short
Note: Subject.
द्वादशमात्रः (dvādaśamātraḥ) - having a duration of twelve mātrās (consisting of twelve mātrās)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvādaśamātra
dvādaśamātra - consisting of twelve mātrās, having twelve units of measure
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvādaśa+mātrā)
- dvādaśa – twelve
numeral - mātrā – measure, unit of time (mātrā), quantity
noun (feminine)
Root: mā (class 3)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'laghuḥ'.
तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - double that (of Laghu) (double, twofold)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dviguṇa
dviguṇa - twofold, double
Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)
- dvi – two
numeral - guṇa – quality, factor, multiple
noun (masculine)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.
सः (saḥ) - that (one, referring to Madhya prāṇāyāma) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it
Note: Refers to the Madhya type.
तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - Madhya (medium type of prāṇāyāma) (middle, medium)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyama
madhyama - middle, medium, intermediate
Note: Predicate adjective.
त्रिगुणाभिः (triguṇābhiḥ) - with three times the mātrās (with three times, by triple quantity)
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of triguṇa
triguṇa - threefold, triple
Compound type : dvigu (tri+guṇa)
- tri – three
numeral - guṇa – quality, factor, multiple
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'mātrābhiḥ'.
तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
मात्राभिः (mātrābhiḥ) - with the number of mātrās (by mātrās, with measures)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of mātrā
mātrā - measure, unit of time (mātrā), quantity
Root: mā (class 3)
Note: Instrument of definition for 'uttamaḥ'.
उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - Uttama (superior type of prāṇāyāma) (best, highest, superior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama
uttama - highest, best, superior, last
Note: Subject.
परिकीर्तितः (parikīrtitaḥ) - is declared/defined (declared, renowned, celebrated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parikīrtita
parikīrtita - declared, proclaimed, celebrated, defined
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √kīrt (to mention, praise) with prefix pari
Prefix: pari
Root: kīrt (class 10)
Note: Qualifies 'uttamaḥ'.