मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-46
दशैता धारणा प्राप्य प्राप्रोत्यक्षरसाम्यताम् ।
नाध्मातः क्षुधितः श्रान्तो न च व्याकुलचेतनः ॥४६॥
नाध्मातः क्षुधितः श्रान्तो न च व्याकुलचेतनः ॥४६॥
46. daśaitā dhāraṇā prāpya prāprotyakṣarasāmyatām .
nādhmātaḥ kṣudhitaḥ śrānto na ca vyākulacetanaḥ.
nādhmātaḥ kṣudhitaḥ śrānto na ca vyākulacetanaḥ.
46.
daśa etāḥ dhāraṇāḥ prāpya prāproti akṣarasāmyatām
na adhmātaḥ kṣudhitaḥ śrāntaḥ na ca vyākulacetanaḥ
na adhmātaḥ kṣudhitaḥ śrāntaḥ na ca vyākulacetanaḥ
46.
Having mastered these ten concentrations (dhāraṇā), one attains a state of oneness with the imperishable (akṣara). [This practice should not be undertaken when one is] bloated, hungry, tired, or has an agitated mind.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दश (daśa) - ten (referring to the previously listed locations) (ten)
- एताः (etāḥ) - these (referring to the specific concentrations) (these, them)
- धारणाः (dhāraṇāḥ) - concentrations (dhāraṇā) (concentrations, retentions)
- प्राप्य (prāpya) - having mastered (these concentrations) (having attained, having reached, having acquired)
- प्राप्रोति (prāproti) - one attains, achieves (he attains, he reaches, he obtains)
- अक्षरसाम्यताम् (akṣarasāmyatām) - a state of oneness with the imperishable (akṣara) (equality with the imperishable, identity with Brahman)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अध्मातः (adhmātaḥ) - bloated (from overeating) (bloated, puffed up, distended)
- क्षुधितः (kṣudhitaḥ) - hungry (hungry, starved)
- श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, exhausted (tired, fatigued, weary)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - or (used with `na` to form 'neither...nor') (and)
- व्याकुलचेतनः (vyākulacetanaḥ) - one whose mind is agitated (one whose mind is agitated, disturbed in mind)
Words meanings and morphology
दश (daśa) - ten (referring to the previously listed locations) (ten)
(indeclinable)
Note: Qualifies `dhāraṇāḥ`.
एताः (etāḥ) - these (referring to the specific concentrations) (these, them)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the ten locations/concentrations described.
धारणाः (dhāraṇāḥ) - concentrations (dhāraṇā) (concentrations, retentions)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of dhāraṇā
dhāraṇā - concentration, fixed attention, retention, faculty of memory
From root dhṛ (to hold, support) with suffix -anā.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of the gerund `prāpya`.
प्राप्य (prāpya) - having mastered (these concentrations) (having attained, having reached, having acquired)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Gerund indicating a completed action leading to the main verb's action.
प्राप्रोति (prāproti) - one attains, achieves (he attains, he reaches, he obtains)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of prāp
From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'. Present Tense, 3rd person singular.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Refers to the outcome of practicing the ten concentrations.
अक्षरसाम्यताम् (akṣarasāmyatām) - a state of oneness with the imperishable (akṣara) (equality with the imperishable, identity with Brahman)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of akṣarasāmyatā
akṣarasāmyatā - equality with the imperishable, identity with Brahman
Compound of akṣara (imperishable) and sāmyatā (equality).
Compound type : tatpurusha (akṣara+sāmyatā)
- akṣara – imperishable, indestructible, letter, syllable, Brahman
noun (neuter)
From a (not) + kṣara (perishable).
Prefix: a
Root: kṣar (class 1) - sāmyatā – equality, sameness, parity
noun (feminine)
From sama (equal) + suffix -tā.
Note: Object of `prāproti`.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used repeatedly to negate the conditions for practice.
अध्मातः (adhmātaḥ) - bloated (from overeating) (bloated, puffed up, distended)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhmāta
adhmāta - bloated, swollen, puffed up, distended
Past Passive Participle
From root 'dhmā' (to blow) with prefix 'ā'.
Prefix: ā
Root: dhmā (class 1)
Note: Implied subject is 'one' (the yogi).
क्षुधितः (kṣudhitaḥ) - hungry (hungry, starved)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhita
kṣudhita - hungry, desirous of food
Past Passive Participle
From root 'kṣudh' (to be hungry).
Root: kṣudh (class 4)
Note: Implied subject is 'one' (the yogi).
श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, exhausted (tired, fatigued, weary)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta
śrānta - tired, fatigued, wearied, rested
Past Passive Participle
From root 'śram' (to be weary).
Root: śram (class 4)
Note: Implied subject is 'one' (the yogi).
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with `ca` to negate the final item.
च (ca) - or (used with `na` to form 'neither...nor') (and)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used in a 'na...ca' construction.
व्याकुलचेतनः (vyākulacetanaḥ) - one whose mind is agitated (one whose mind is agitated, disturbed in mind)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vyākulacetana
vyākulacetana - one whose mind is agitated or disturbed
Bahuvrihi compound: vyākula (agitated) + cetana (mind, consciousness).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vyākula+cetana)
- vyākula – agitated, disturbed, confused, perplexed
adjective
From vi + ā + kul (to be agitated).
Prefixes: vi+ā
Root: kul (class 1) - cetana – consciousness, mind, intellect, sentient being
noun (masculine)
Root: cit (class 1)
Note: Implied subject is 'one' (the yogi).