मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-17
मृदुत्वं सेव्यमानास्तु सिंहशार्दूलकुञ्जराः ।
यथा यान्ति तथा प्राणो वश्यो भवति योगिनः ॥१७॥
यथा यान्ति तथा प्राणो वश्यो भवति योगिनः ॥१७॥
17. mṛdutvaṃ sevyamānāstu siṃhaśārdūlakuñjarāḥ .
yathā yānti tathā prāṇo vaśyo bhavati yoginaḥ.
yathā yānti tathā prāṇo vaśyo bhavati yoginaḥ.
17.
mṛdutvam sevyamānāḥ tu siṃhaśārdūlakuñjarāḥ
yathā yānti tathā prāṇaḥ vaśyaḥ bhavati yoginaḥ
yathā yānti tathā prāṇaḥ vaśyaḥ bhavati yoginaḥ
17.
Just as lions, tigers, and elephants become gentle when they are tamed and cared for, so too does the life-force (prāṇa) become obedient to the practitioner (yogin) (yoga).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मृदुत्वम् (mṛdutvam) - gentleness, softness, pliability
- सेव्यमानाः (sevyamānāḥ) - being regularly practiced/tamed (being attended to, being cultivated, being practiced, being tamed)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
- सिंहशार्दूलकुञ्जराः (siṁhaśārdūlakuñjarāḥ) - lions, tigers, and elephants
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner
- यान्ति (yānti) - they become (gentle) (they go, they attain, they become)
- तथा (tathā) - so, thus, likewise
- प्राणः (prāṇaḥ) - the vital life-force (prāṇa) managed in yoga (breath, life-force, vital air)
- वश्यः (vaśyaḥ) - obedient, subdued, controllable
- भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
- योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - for the practitioner (of yoga) (of the yogin, for the practitioner)
Words meanings and morphology
मृदुत्वम् (mṛdutvam) - gentleness, softness, pliability
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛdutva
mṛdutva - gentleness, softness, mildness
Derived from mṛdu (soft, gentle) with the suffix -tva (abstract noun).
Note: Object of 'yānti' (become gentle).
सेव्यमानाः (sevyamānāḥ) - being regularly practiced/tamed (being attended to, being cultivated, being practiced, being tamed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sevyamāna
sevyamāna - being served, being attended, being practiced, being tamed
Present Passive Participle
From root sev (to serve, attend) + śānac suffix.
Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the animals.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Adds emphasis or a slight contrast.
सिंहशार्दूलकुञ्जराः (siṁhaśārdūlakuñjarāḥ) - lions, tigers, and elephants
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃhaśārdūlakuñjara
siṁhaśārdūlakuñjara - lions, tigers, and elephants (collectively)
Dvandva compound listing three powerful animals.
Compound type : itaretarayoga-dvandva (siṃha+śārdūla+kuñjara)
- siṃha – lion
noun (masculine) - śārdūla – tiger
noun (masculine) - kuñjara – elephant
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'yānti'.
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Particle used for comparison.
यान्ति (yānti) - they become (gentle) (they go, they attain, they become)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā
Present Indicative, Active Voice
Root yā (class 2, parasmāipada).
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Verb for 'siṃhaśārdūlakuñjarāḥ'.
तथा (tathā) - so, thus, likewise
(indeclinable)
Note: Correlates with 'yathā'.
प्राणः (prāṇaḥ) - the vital life-force (prāṇa) managed in yoga (breath, life-force, vital air)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇa
prāṇa - breath, vital air, life-force, spirit
From prefix pra- and root an (to breathe).
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Subject of 'bhavati'.
वश्यः (vaśyaḥ) - obedient, subdued, controllable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaśya
vaśya - obedient, subject to, controllable, tractable
Gerundive (future passive participle)
From root vaś (to desire, to be under control) with -ya suffix.
Root: vaś (class 2)
Note: Predicative adjective for 'prāṇaḥ'.
भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Present Indicative, Active Voice
Root bhū (class 1, parasmāipada).
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Verb for 'prāṇaḥ'.
योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - for the practitioner (of yoga) (of the yogin, for the practitioner)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yogin
yogin - practitioner of yoga, ascetic, one endowed with yoga
From yoga + -in suffix.
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Indicates possession or purpose ('for whom').