मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-44
आपिबेयुस्तथा वायुं पिबेद्योगी जितश्रमः ।
प्राङ्नाभ्यां हृदये चात्र तृतीये च तथोरसि ॥४४॥
प्राङ्नाभ्यां हृदये चात्र तृतीये च तथोरसि ॥४४॥
44. āpibeyustathā vāyuṃ pibedyogī jitaśramaḥ .
prāṅnābhyāṃ hṛdaye cātra tṛtīye ca tathorasi.
prāṅnābhyāṃ hṛdaye cātra tṛtīye ca tathorasi.
44.
āpibeyuḥ tathā vāyum pibet yogī jitaśramaḥ prāk
nābhyām hṛdaye ca atra tṛtīye ca tathā urasi
nābhyām hṛdaye ca atra tṛtīye ca tathā urasi
44.
Similarly, the practitioner of yoga (yogin) who has overcome fatigue should slowly draw in the vital air (vāyu). [He should hold it] first at the navel, then in the heart, and likewise, thirdly, in the chest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आपिबेयुः (āpibeyuḥ) - (just as people) should draw in (water) - implying a general action (they should drink, they should draw in)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (similarly, thus, so)
- वायुम् (vāyum) - vital air (vāyu) (air, wind, breath, vital air)
- पिबेत् (pibet) - he should draw in (the breath) (he should drink, he should draw in)
- योगी (yogī) - the practitioner of yoga (yogin) (a yogi, a practitioner of yoga)
- जितश्रमः (jitaśramaḥ) - one who has overcome weariness or exertion (one who has overcome fatigue, conqueror of weariness)
- प्राक् (prāk) - first (in sequence) (first, before, eastward, in front)
- नाभ्याम् (nābhyām) - at the navel (as a location for breath retention) (in the navel, at the navel)
- हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart (as a location for breath retention) (in the heart)
- च (ca) - and
- अत्र (atra) - here (in this process/context) (here, in this place, in this matter)
- तृतीये (tṛtīye) - in the third (location) (in the third)
- च (ca) - and
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (similarly, thus, so)
- उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (as a location for breath retention) (in the chest, on the breast)
Words meanings and morphology
आपिबेयुः (āpibeyuḥ) - (just as people) should draw in (water) - implying a general action (they should drink, they should draw in)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pā
Root 'pā' (1st class, Parasmaipada) with prefix 'ā'. Potential/Optative mood, 3rd person plural.
Prefix: ā
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Used in the comparative clause, implying a general action for 'people desiring water'.
तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (similarly, thus, so)
(indeclinable)
वायुम् (vāyum) - vital air (vāyu) (air, wind, breath, vital air)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vāyu
vāyu - wind, air, vital air, Prāṇa
Note: Object of the verb `pibet`.
पिबेत् (pibet) - he should draw in (the breath) (he should drink, he should draw in)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pā
Root 'pā' (1st class, Parasmaipada). Potential/Optative mood, 3rd person singular.
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Prescribes an action for the yogi.
योगी (yogī) - the practitioner of yoga (yogin) (a yogi, a practitioner of yoga)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yogin
yogin - a practitioner of yoga, ascetic, meditator
Derived from yoga + suffix -in.
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Refers to the agent of the action.
जितश्रमः (jitaśramaḥ) - one who has overcome weariness or exertion (one who has overcome fatigue, conqueror of weariness)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jitaśrama
jitaśrama - one who has conquered fatigue/effort
Bahuvrihi compound: jita (conquered) + śrama (fatigue).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (jita+śrama)
- jita – conquered, overcome, subdued
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'ji' (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1) - śrama – fatigue, exertion, weariness, effort
noun (masculine)
Root: śram (class 4)
Note: Qualifies `yogī`.
प्राक् (prāk) - first (in sequence) (first, before, eastward, in front)
(indeclinable)
From pra + añc. Used here adverbially.
Prefix: pra
Root: añc (class 1)
Note: Adverb modifying the location `nābhyām`.
नाभ्याम् (nābhyām) - at the navel (as a location for breath retention) (in the navel, at the navel)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of nābhi
nābhi - navel, central point
Note: Indicates the first location for breath retention.
हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart (as a location for breath retention) (in the heart)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya
hṛdaya - heart, mind, core
Note: Indicates the second location for breath retention.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अत्र (atra) - here (in this process/context) (here, in this place, in this matter)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes the locations as part of the current practice.
तृतीये (tṛtīye) - in the third (location) (in the third)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of tṛtīya
tṛtīya - third
Ordinal numeral from tri (three).
Note: Refers to the third location mentioned.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (similarly, thus, so)
(indeclinable)
उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (as a location for breath retention) (in the chest, on the breast)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of uras
uras - chest, breast
Note: Indicates the third location for breath retention.