मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-35
पूरयित्वा बुधो देहं प्रत्याहारमुपक्रमेत् ।
प्राणायामा दश द्वौ च धारणा साभिधीयते ॥३५॥
प्राणायामा दश द्वौ च धारणा साभिधीयते ॥३५॥
35. pūrayitvā budho dehaṃ pratyāhāramupakramet .
prāṇāyāmā daśa dvau ca dhāraṇā sābhidhīyate.
prāṇāyāmā daśa dvau ca dhāraṇā sābhidhīyate.
35.
pūrayitvā budhaḥ deham pratyāhāram upakramet
prāṇāyāmāḥ daśa dvau ca dhāraṇā sā abhidhīyate
prāṇāyāmāḥ daśa dvau ca dhāraṇā sā abhidhīyate
35.
A wise person, after filling the body (with vital breath), should begin the withdrawal of the senses (pratyāhāra). Twelve (ten and two) breath retentions (prāṇāyāmāḥ) are called concentration (dhāraṇā).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पूरयित्वा (pūrayitvā) - after filling, having filled
- बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, an enlightened one
- देहम् (deham) - body
- प्रत्याहारम् (pratyāhāram) - withdrawal, particularly of the senses
- उपक्रमेत् (upakramet) - should undertake, should begin, should proceed
- प्राणायामाः (prāṇāyāmāḥ) - breath retentions, control of vital breath
- दश (daśa) - ten
- द्वौ (dvau) - two
- च (ca) - and
- धारणा (dhāraṇā) - concentration, steadying of the mind
- सा (sā) - that (feminine)
- अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - is called, is said, is designated
Words meanings and morphology
पूरयित्वा (pūrayitvā) - after filling, having filled
(indeclinable)
Gerund (Absolutive)
From root pūr (to fill) with causative suffix -aya and gerund suffix ktvā.
Root: pūr (class 10)
बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person, an enlightened one
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of budha
budha - wise, intelligent; a wise person; the planet Mercury
From root budh (to know, perceive).
Root: budh (class 1)
देहम् (deham) - body
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of deha
deha - body, form
From root dih (to smear, to grow).
Root: dih (class 1)
प्रत्याहारम् (pratyāhāram) - withdrawal, particularly of the senses
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pratyāhāra
pratyāhāra - withdrawal, drawing back, particularly the fifth limb of (yoga)
Compound of prati + ā + hāra.
Prefixes: prati+ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
उपक्रमेत् (upakramet) - should undertake, should begin, should proceed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of upakram
Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice
From root kram (to step, go) with upasarga upa.
Prefix: upa
Root: kram (class 1)
प्राणायामाः (prāṇāyāmāḥ) - breath retentions, control of vital breath
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇāyāma
prāṇāyāma - control of vital breath; breath retention, a limb of (yoga)
Compound of prāṇa (vital breath) + āyāma (restraint).
Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+āyāma)
- prāṇa – vital breath, life force
noun (masculine)
From pra + an (to breathe).
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2) - āyāma – stretching, extending, restraint, control
noun (masculine)
From ā + yam (to restrain).
Prefix: ā
Root: yam (class 1)
दश (daśa) - ten
(adjective)
Nominative, plural of daśa
daśa - ten
Note: Here it functions as an adjective modifying prāṇāyāmāḥ.
द्वौ (dvau) - two
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of dvi
dvi - two
Note: Refers to two. Together with daśa it makes twelve.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
धारणा (dhāraṇā) - concentration, steadying of the mind
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā
dhāraṇā - holding, supporting, concentration, the sixth limb of (yoga)
From root dhṛ (to hold, support) with suffix ana.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
सा (sā) - that (feminine)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to dhāraṇā.
अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - is called, is said, is designated
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of abhidhā
Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice
From root dhā (to place, hold) with upasarga abhi, in passive voice.
Prefix: abhi
Root: dhā (class 3)