मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-54
तेषां नाशाय कर्तव्यं योगिनां तन्निबोध मे ।
स्त्रिग्धां यवागूमत्युष्णां भुक्त्वा तत्रैव धारयेत् ॥५४॥
स्त्रिग्धां यवागूमत्युष्णां भुक्त्वा तत्रैव धारयेत् ॥५४॥
54. teṣāṃ nāśāya kartavyaṃ yogināṃ tannibodha me .
strigdhāṃ yavāgūmatyuṣṇāṃ bhuktvā tatraiva dhārayet.
strigdhāṃ yavāgūmatyuṣṇāṃ bhuktvā tatraiva dhārayet.
54.
teṣāṃ nāśāya kartavyaṃ yogināṃ tat nibodha me
snigdhāṃ yavāgūm atyuṣṇāṃ bhuktvā tatra eva dhārayet
snigdhāṃ yavāgūm atyuṣṇāṃ bhuktvā tatra eva dhārayet
54.
Understand from me what should be done by yogis (yogin) for the eradication of those (defects). Having eaten thick, very hot gruel, one should retain it right there (in the stomach).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of those defects (mentioned in previous verses) (of them)
- नाशाय (nāśāya) - for the destruction, for the ruin
- कर्तव्यं (kartavyaṁ) - should be done, is to be performed, duty
- योगिनां (yogināṁ) - of the yogis, by the yogis
- तत् (tat) - that which should be done (that)
- निबोध (nibodha) - understand, know, learn
- मे (me) - from me, to me
- स्निग्धां (snigdhāṁ) - referring to the consistency of the gruel (thick, unctuous, oily, smooth)
- यवागूम् (yavāgūm) - gruel, porridge
- अत्युष्णां (atyuṣṇāṁ) - very hot
- भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- धारयेत् (dhārayet) - one should hold, one should retain, one should bear
Words meanings and morphology
तेषां (teṣāṁ) - of those defects (mentioned in previous verses) (of them)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Masculine/neuter genitive plural of 'tad', referring to the defects 'doṣāḥ' from previous verses
Note: Refers to the defects mentioned in the previous verse.
नाशाय (nāśāya) - for the destruction, for the ruin
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of nāśa
nāśa - destruction, ruin, disappearance
From root 'naś' (to perish), dative singular
Root: naś (class 4)
कर्तव्यं (kartavyaṁ) - should be done, is to be performed, duty
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya
kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty
Gerundive (kṛtya)
From root 'kṛ' (to do) with 'tavya' suffix, neuter nominative singular
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used as a noun here.
योगिनां (yogināṁ) - of the yogis, by the yogis
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of yogin
yogin - practitioner of yoga, yogi
Masculine genitive plural of 'yogin'
Root: yuj (class 7)
तत् (tat) - that which should be done (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Neuter accusative singular of 'tad', object of 'nibodha'
निबोध (nibodha) - understand, know, learn
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh
Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular, Parasmaipadi
From root 'budh' (1st class, 'bhvādi') with prefix 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)
मे (me) - from me, to me
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Enclitic form of the genitive/dative singular of 'asmad', functioning here like an ablative 'from me' or dative 'to me' as 'listen to me about them'.
स्निग्धां (snigdhāṁ) - referring to the consistency of the gruel (thick, unctuous, oily, smooth)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of snigdha
snigdha - unctuous, oily, thick, smooth, tender
Feminine accusative singular, agreeing with 'yavāgūm'
Root: snih (class 4)
यवागूम् (yavāgūm) - gruel, porridge
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of yavāgū
yavāgū - gruel, porridge, thick liquid food made of barley
Feminine accusative singular
अत्युष्णां (atyuṣṇāṁ) - very hot
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of atyuṣṇa
atyuṣṇa - very hot, excessively warm
Compound adjective 'ati' + 'uṣṇa'. Feminine accusative singular, agreeing with 'yavāgūm'
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+uṣṇa)
- ati – very, exceedingly, over
indeclinable
Prefix, indicates excessiveness - uṣṇa – hot, warm
adjective (masculine)
From root 'uṣ' (to burn)
Root: uṣ (class 1)
भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
From root 'bhuj' (7th class, 'rudhādi') with 'ktvā' suffix
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Absolutive.
तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
(indeclinable)
Adverb derived from 'tad' (that)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle
धारयेत् (dhārayet) - one should hold, one should retain, one should bear
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhṛ
Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Parasmaipadi
From causative stem 'dhāray' of root 'dhṛ' (1st class, 'bhvādi')
Root: dhṛ (class 1)