मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-48
कालेष्वेतेषु युञ्जीत न योगं ध्यानतत्परः ।
सशब्दाग्निजालभ्यासे जीर्णगोष्ठे चतुष्पथे ॥४८॥
सशब्दाग्निजालभ्यासे जीर्णगोष्ठे चतुष्पथे ॥४८॥
48. kāleṣveteṣu yuñjīta na yogaṃ dhyānatatparaḥ .
saśabdāgnijālabhyāse jīrṇagoṣṭhe catuṣpathe.
saśabdāgnijālabhyāse jīrṇagoṣṭhe catuṣpathe.
48.
kāleṣu eteṣu yuñjīta na yogaṃ dhyānatatparaḥ
| saśabdāgnijālabhyāse jīrṇagoṣṭhe catuṣpathe
| saśabdāgnijālabhyāse jīrṇagoṣṭhe catuṣpathe
48.
A practitioner intent on meditation (dhyāna) should not practice yoga (yoga) in such places as those near loud noises, open fires, or strong currents, nor in a dilapidated cowshed, nor at a crossroads.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times, in seasons, in places
- एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these
- युञ्जीत (yuñjīta) - should engage, should apply, should practice
- न (na) - not, nor
- योगं (yogaṁ) - yoga, union, discipline
- ध्यानतत्परः (dhyānatatparaḥ) - intent on meditation, devoted to meditation
- सशब्दाग्निजालभ्यासे (saśabdāgnijālabhyāse) - in the vicinity of noise, fire, or water currents
- जीर्णगोष्ठे (jīrṇagoṣṭhe) - in a dilapidated cowshed
- चतुष्पथे (catuṣpathe) - at a crossroads
Words meanings and morphology
कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times, in seasons, in places
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of kāla
kāla - time, season, period, suitable occasion, place (by extension)
Note: Used here to refer to 'places'.
एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, plural of etas
etas - this, these
युञ्जीत (yuñjīta) - should engage, should apply, should practice
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of yuj
Root: yuj (class 7)
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
योगं (yogaṁ) - yoga, union, discipline
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga
yoga - union, spiritual discipline, harnessing, connection, endeavor
derived from verb
From root yuj (to join) + ghañ suffix.
Root: yuj (class 7)
ध्यानतत्परः (dhyānatatparaḥ) - intent on meditation, devoted to meditation
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhyānatatpara
dhyānatatpara - devoted to meditation, intent on contemplation
Compound of dhyāna (meditation) and tatpara (intent on, devoted to).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhyāna+tatpara)
- dhyāna – meditation, contemplation, thought
noun (neuter)
derived from verb
From root dhyai (to meditate) + ana suffix.
Root: dhyai (class 1) - tatpara – intent on, devoted to, absorbed in, dependent on
adjective (masculine)
From tat (that) + para (aim, object), indicating 'having that as the supreme object'.
सशब्दाग्निजालभ्यासे (saśabdāgnijālabhyāse) - in the vicinity of noise, fire, or water currents
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saśabdāgnijālabhyāsa
saśabdāgnijālabhyāsa - proximity to noise, fire, or water currents/mass of flames
Compound of saśabda (noisy), agni (fire), jāla (net, stream, mass), and abhyāsa (proximity).
Compound type : dvandva / tatpuruṣa (saśabda+agni+jāla+abhyāsa)
- saśabda – noisy, with sound
adjective (masculine)
Compound of sa (with) and śabda (sound). - agni – fire, god of fire
noun (masculine) - jāla – net, stream (of water or flames), multitude
noun (neuter) - abhyāsa – practice, repetition, study, proximity, vicinity
noun (masculine)
derived from verb
From root as (to throw, cast) with prefixes abhi- and ā-.
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: as (class 4)
जीर्णगोष्ठे (jīrṇagoṣṭhe) - in a dilapidated cowshed
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of jīrṇagoṣṭha
jīrṇagoṣṭha - dilapidated cowshed
Compound of jīrṇa (old, worn out, dilapidated) and goṣṭha (cowshed).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīrṇa+goṣṭha)
- jīrṇa – old, worn out, dilapidated, digested
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root jṛ (to decay, grow old).
Root: jṛ (class 4) - goṣṭha – cowshed, cow-pen, assembly
noun (neuter)
From go (cow) + stha (standing, abiding).
Root: sthā (class 1)
चतुष्पथे (catuṣpathe) - at a crossroads
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of catuṣpatha
catuṣpatha - crossroads, where four roads meet
Compound of catur (four) and patha (path).
Compound type : dvigu (catur+patha)
- catur – four
numeral - patha – path, road, way
noun (masculine)
From root path (to go).
Root: path (class 1)