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0,39

मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्       mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-39, verse-45

कण्ठे मुखे नासिकाग्रे नेत्रभ्रूमध्यमूर्धसु ।
किञ्च तस्मात्परस्मिंश्च धारणा परमा स्मृता ॥४५॥
45. kaṇṭhe mukhe nāsikāgre netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhasu .
kiñca tasmātparasmiṃśca dhāraṇā paramā smṛtā.
45. kaṇṭhe mukhe nāsikāgre netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhasu
kim ca tasmāt parasmin ca dhāraṇā paramā smṛtā
45. [The breath should be held] in the throat, in the mouth, at the tip of the nose, in the eyes, in the center between the eyebrows, and at the crown of the head. Furthermore, the supreme concentration (dhāraṇā) is considered to be in that which is beyond these [locations].

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - in the throat (as a location for breath retention) (in the throat, at the neck)
  • मुखे (mukhe) - in the mouth (as a location for breath retention) (in the mouth, on the face)
  • नासिकाग्रे (nāsikāgre) - at the tip of the nose (as a location for breath retention) (at the tip of the nose)
  • नेत्रभ्रूमध्यमूर्धसु (netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhasu) - in the eyes, in the center between the eyebrows, and at the crown of the head (as locations for breath retention/concentration) (in the eyes, in the center of the eyebrows, and in the head/crown)
  • किम् (kim) - furthermore, moreover (what, how, whether, indeed, moreover)
  • (ca) - and
  • तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from those (previous locations), beyond that (from that, therefore, than that)
  • परस्मिन् (parasmin) - in that which is beyond (the physical locations) (in the other, in the supreme, in what is beyond)
  • (ca) - and
  • धारणा (dhāraṇā) - concentration (dhāraṇā) (concentration, retention, fixed attention)
  • परमा (paramā) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, excellent)
  • स्मृता (smṛtā) - is considered (to be) (remembered, considered, held as)

Words meanings and morphology

कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - in the throat (as a location for breath retention) (in the throat, at the neck)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kaṇṭha
kaṇṭha - throat, neck
Note: Continues the list of locations for breath retention.
मुखे (mukhe) - in the mouth (as a location for breath retention) (in the mouth, on the face)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of mukha
mukha - mouth, face, opening
नासिकाग्रे (nāsikāgre) - at the tip of the nose (as a location for breath retention) (at the tip of the nose)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of nāsikāgra
nāsikāgra - tip of the nose
Compound of nāsikā (nose) and agra (tip).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nāsikā+agra)
  • nāsikā – nose
    noun (feminine)
  • agra – tip, front, top
    noun (neuter)
Note: The 'e' ending is for locative singular, typically for masculine/neuter a-stem. `agra` is neuter, so this is consistent.
नेत्रभ्रूमध्यमूर्धसु (netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhasu) - in the eyes, in the center between the eyebrows, and at the crown of the head (as locations for breath retention/concentration) (in the eyes, in the center of the eyebrows, and in the head/crown)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhan
netrabhrūmadhyamūrdhan - eyes, eyebrow center, and head/crown
Dvandva compound of netra (eye), bhrūmadhya (eyebrow center), and mūrdhan (head).
Compound type : dvandva (netra+bhrūmadhya+mūrdhan)
  • netra – eye
    noun (neuter)
  • bhrūmadhya – center of the eyebrows
    noun (neuter)
    Compound of bhrū (eyebrow) and madhya (middle).
  • mūrdhan – head, crown of the head
    noun (masculine)
Note: The 'su' ending is for locative plural, applicable to all genders.
किम् (kim) - furthermore, moreover (what, how, whether, indeed, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with `ca` to mean 'and what's more'.
(ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with `kim` to introduce an additional point.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from those (previous locations), beyond that (from that, therefore, than that)
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Often implies comparison or derivation ('from that'). Here, 'beyond that' when used with `parasmin`.
परस्मिन् (parasmin) - in that which is beyond (the physical locations) (in the other, in the supreme, in what is beyond)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of para
para - other, supreme, highest, beyond
Note: Locative of `para` meaning 'in the higher' or 'in the beyond'.
(ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'tasmāt parasmin' to the preceding list of locations.
धारणा (dhāraṇā) - concentration (dhāraṇā) (concentration, retention, fixed attention)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā
dhāraṇā - concentration, fixed attention, retention, faculty of memory
From root dhṛ (to hold, support) with suffix -anā.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
परमा (paramā) - supreme, highest (supreme, highest, excellent)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of parama
parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent
Note: Agrees in gender, number, and case with `dhāraṇā`.
स्मृता (smṛtā) - is considered (to be) (remembered, considered, held as)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, considered, mentioned in sacred texts
Past Passive Participle
From root 'smṛ' (to remember). Feminine form agreeing with `dhāraṇā`.
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Functions as the predicate of the sentence with an implied copula 'is'.