मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-39, verse-40
विवर्धयति नारोहेत्तस्माद् भूमिमनिर्जिताम् ।
प्राणानामुपसंरोधात् प्राणायाम इति स्मृतः ॥४०॥
प्राणानामुपसंरोधात् प्राणायाम इति स्मृतः ॥४०॥
40. vivardhayati nārohettasmād bhūmimanirjitām .
prāṇānāmupasaṃrodhāt prāṇāyāma iti smṛtaḥ.
prāṇānāmupasaṃrodhāt prāṇāyāma iti smṛtaḥ.
40.
vivardhayati na āroheta tasmāt bhūmim anirjitām
| prāṇānām upasaṃrodhāt prāṇāyāmaḥ iti smṛtaḥ
| prāṇānām upasaṃrodhāt prāṇāyāmaḥ iti smṛtaḥ
40.
It (an unconquered territory) increases (problems); therefore, one should not ascend an unconquered territory (bhūmi). The restraint of the vital breaths (prāṇa) is known as prāṇāyāma.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - causes to increase (problems, as implied from the previous verse) (causes to grow, increases, nourishes)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- आरोहेत (āroheta) - should proceed to, should take possession of (a stage of practice or aspect of self) (should ascend, should climb, should enter, should occupy)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that
- भूमिम् (bhūmim) - territory, stage, level (referring to a stage of spiritual practice or an aspect of the self) (land, earth, ground)
- अनिर्जिताम् (anirjitām) - unmastered, un-overcome (referring to a spiritual stage or aspect of self that has not yet been fully realized or controlled) (unconquered, unsubdued)
- प्राणानाम् (prāṇānām) - of the vital energies (prāṇa) (of the breaths, of the vital airs)
- उपसंरोधात् (upasaṁrodhāt) - from the restraint, from the complete stopping
- प्राणायामः (prāṇāyāmaḥ) - the yogic practice of breath regulation (prāṇāyāma) (breath control, regulation of vital breaths)
- इति (iti) - marks a quotation or statement, meaning 'thus called' (thus, so, in this manner)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is referred to as, is defined as (remembered, known, called, considered)
Words meanings and morphology
विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - causes to increase (problems, as implied from the previous verse) (causes to grow, increases, nourishes)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vivardhayati
Causative verb
Causative form of the root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) with 'vi' prefix.
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
आरोहेत (āroheta) - should proceed to, should take possession of (a stage of practice or aspect of self) (should ascend, should climb, should enter, should occupy)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āruh
Root verb 'ruh' (to grow, ascend) with 'ā' prefix.
Prefix: ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that
(indeclinable)
Ablative singular of the pronoun 'tad', used adverbially.
भूमिम् (bhūmim) - territory, stage, level (referring to a stage of spiritual practice or an aspect of the self) (land, earth, ground)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi
bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil, place, stage, level
अनिर्जिताम् (anirjitām) - unmastered, un-overcome (referring to a spiritual stage or aspect of self that has not yet been fully realized or controlled) (unconquered, unsubdued)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of anirjita
anirjita - unconquered, unsubdued, unvanquished
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefixes 'a-' (negation) and 'nir-' (completely, out).
Prefixes: an+nir
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'bhūmim'.
प्राणानाम् (prāṇānām) - of the vital energies (prāṇa) (of the breaths, of the vital airs)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - life-breath, vital air, life-force, energy
Derived from root 'an' (to breathe) with prefix 'pra'.
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
उपसंरोधात् (upasaṁrodhāt) - from the restraint, from the complete stopping
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of upasaṃrodha
upasaṁrodha - restraint, obstruction, complete stopping
Derived from root 'rudh' (to obstruct, stop) with prefixes 'upa' and 'saṃ'.
Prefixes: upa+saṃ
Root: rudh (class 7)
प्राणायामः (prāṇāyāmaḥ) - the yogic practice of breath regulation (prāṇāyāma) (breath control, regulation of vital breaths)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇāyāma
prāṇāyāma - breath control, regulation of vital breaths, extension of life-force
Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+āyāma)
- prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life-force
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'an' (to breathe) with prefix 'pra'.
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2) - āyāma – extension, stretching, restraint, control
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'yam' (to restrain, control) with prefix 'ā'.
Prefix: ā
Root: yam (class 1)
इति (iti) - marks a quotation or statement, meaning 'thus called' (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is referred to as, is defined as (remembered, known, called, considered)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, known, called, considered, traditional
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'smṛ' (to remember).
Root: smṛ (class 1)