मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम् mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-39, verse-12

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प्रथमं साधनं कुर्यात्प्राणायामस्य योगवित् ।
प्राणापाननिरोधस्तु प्राणायाम उदाहृतः ॥१२॥

12. prathamaṃ sādhanaṃ kuryātprāṇāyāmasya yogavit .
prāṇāpānanirodhastu prāṇāyāma udāhṛtaḥ.

12. prathamam sādhanam kuryāt prāṇāyāmasya yogavit
prāṇāpānanīrodhaḥ tu prāṇāyāmaḥ udāhṛtaḥ

12. A practitioner of yoga (yogavit) should first undertake the practice (sādhanam) of breath control (prāṇāyāma). Indeed, the restraint of the vital breaths prāṇa and apāna is declared to be prāṇāyāma.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (as in, initially) (first, primary)

साधनम् (sādhanam) - practice (means, instrument, practice, accomplishment)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should perform (one should do/perform/make)

प्राणायामस्य (prāṇāyāmasya) - of breath control (prāṇāyāma) (of prāṇāyāma, of breath control)

योगवित् (yogavit) - a practitioner of yoga (knower of yoga, expert in yoga)

प्राणापाननीरोधः (prāṇāpānanīrodhaḥ) - the restraint of the vital breaths prāṇa and apāna (restraint of prāṇa and apāna)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

प्राणायामः (prāṇāyāmaḥ) - prāṇāyāma (prāṇāyāma, breath control)

उदाहृतः (udāhṛtaḥ) - is declared (declared, said, stated)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (as in, initially) (first, primary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

Note: Adverbial usage.

साधनम् (sādhanam) - practice (means, instrument, practice, accomplishment)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, practice, accomplishment, proof

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should perform (one should do/perform/make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

optative active third singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्राणायामस्य (prāṇāyāmasya) - of breath control (prāṇāyāma) (of prāṇāyāma, of breath control)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prāṇāyāma

prāṇāyāma - breath control, regulation of vital breath (prāṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+āyāma)

prāṇa – vital breath, life-force (prāṇa)
noun (masculine)
āyāma – extension, length, restraint, control
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Relates to 'sādhanam'.

योगवित् (yogavit) - a practitioner of yoga (knower of yoga, expert in yoga)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yogavit

yogavit - knower of yoga (yoga), skilled in yoga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+vid)

yoga – union, discipline, spiritual practice (yoga)
noun (masculine)
Root: yuj (class 7)
vid – knower, knowing
adjective (masculine)
agent noun/root noun
from root √vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'kuryāt'.

प्राणापाननीरोधः (prāṇāpānanīrodhaḥ) - the restraint of the vital breaths prāṇa and apāna (restraint of prāṇa and apāna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇāpānanīrodha

prāṇāpānanīrodha - restraint of prāṇa and apāna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+apāna+nirodha)

prāṇa – vital breath, life-force (prāṇa)
noun (masculine)
apāna – downward breath, vital air (apāna)
noun (masculine)
Prefix: apa
nirodha – restraint, suppression, confinement
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ni
Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Subject of the implied 'is'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

प्राणायामः (prāṇāyāmaḥ) - prāṇāyāma (prāṇāyāma, breath control)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇāyāma

prāṇāyāma - breath control, regulation of vital breath (prāṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+āyāma)