महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-48

वृको द्विपस्थं गिरिराजवासिनं भृशं शरैर्द्वादशभिः पराभिनत् ।
ततो वृकं साश्वरथं महाजवं त्वरंश्चतुर्भिश्चरणे व्यपोथयत् ॥४८॥

48. vṛko dvipasthaṁ girirājavāsinaṁ; bhṛśaṁ śarairdvādaśabhiḥ parābhinat ,
tato vṛkaṁ sāśvarathaṁ mahājavaṁ; tvaraṁścaturbhiścaraṇe vyapothayat.

48. vṛkaḥ dvipasthaṃ girirājavāsinaṃ
bhṛśaṃ śaraiḥ dvādaśabhiḥ parābhinat
| tataḥ vṛkaṃ sāśvarathaṃ mahājavaṃ
tvaraṇ caturbhiḥ caraṇe vyapothayat

48. vṛkaḥ girirājavāsinaṃ dvipasthaṃ
dvādaśabhiḥ śaraiḥ bhṛśaṃ parābhinat
tataḥ tvaraṇ caturbhiḥ caraṇe
sāśvarathaṃ mahājavaṃ vṛkaṃ vyapothayat

48. Vṛka intensely pierced the elephant-mounted dweller of the mountain region with twelve arrows. Then, the elephant rider, hastening, crushed Vṛka, who was equipped with swift horses and a chariot, with his four feet.

Words meanings summery:

• वृकः (vṛkaḥ) - Vṛka (a warrior's name) (Vṛka (proper name); wolf)

• द्विपस्थं (dvipasthaṁ) - one standing on an elephant, elephant rider

• गिरिराजवासिनं (girirājavāsinaṁ) - An epithet for the elephant rider. (dweller in the king of mountains, mountain dweller)

• भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - intensely, greatly, severely

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - by twelve, with twelve

• पराभिनत् (parābhinat) - pierced, split, defeated

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• वृकं (vṛkaṁ) - Vṛka (a warrior's name) (Vṛka)

• साश्वरथं (sāśvarathaṁ) - with horses and a chariot, having horses and a chariot

• महाजवं (mahājavaṁ) - very swift, greatly swift

• त्वरण् (tvaraṇ) - hastening, hurrying, being swift

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - Refers to the four feet of the elephant. (by four, with four)

• चरणे (caraṇe) - Although grammatically locative singular, context strongly implies an instrumental plural meaning 'by feet' (caraṇaiḥ) when combined with `caturbhiḥ`, referring to the four feet of the elephant as the instrument of crushing. (at the foot/leg, in the foot/leg, in the movement)

• व्यपोथयत् (vyapothayat) - crushed, pounded, destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

वृकः (vṛkaḥ) - Vṛka (a warrior's name) (Vṛka (proper name); wolf)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛka

vṛka - wolf; a proper name (of a warrior)

द्विपस्थं (dvipasthaṁ) - one standing on an elephant, elephant rider

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvipastha

dvipastha - one standing on an elephant, elephant rider

Derived from dvipa (elephant) + stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvipa+stha)

• dvipa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being
  adjective
  derived from root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

गिरिराजवासिनं (girirājavāsinaṁ) - An epithet for the elephant rider. (dweller in the king of mountains, mountain dweller)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of girirājavāsin

girirājavāsin - dweller in the king of mountains; a mountain dweller

Derived from girirāja (king of mountains) + vāsin (dweller)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (girirāja+vāsin)

• girirāja – king of mountains
  noun (masculine)
• vāsin – dweller, resident
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - intensely, greatly, severely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - by twelve, with twelve

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

पराभिनत् (parābhinat) - pierced, split, defeated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhid

Prefix: parā

Root: bhid (class 7)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

वृकं (vṛkaṁ) - Vṛka (a warrior's name) (Vṛka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛka

vṛka - wolf; a proper name (of a warrior)

साश्वरथं (sāśvarathaṁ) - with horses and a chariot, having horses and a chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāśvaratha

sāśvaratha - equipped with horses and a chariot

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one who has horses and a chariot'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśva+ratha)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vṛkaṃ.

महाजवं (mahājavaṁ) - very swift, greatly swift

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahājava

mahājava - very swift, having great speed

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+java)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• java – speed, swiftness, quickness
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vṛkaṃ.

त्वरण् (tvaraṇ) - hastening, hurrying, being swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarat

tvarat - hastening, quick

Present Active Participle

Derived from root tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Describes the agent (the elephant rider).

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - Refers to the four feet of the elephant. (by four, with four)

(numeral)

चरणे (caraṇe) - Although grammatically locative singular, context strongly implies an instrumental plural meaning 'by feet' (caraṇaiḥ) when combined with `caturbhiḥ`, referring to the four feet of the elephant as the instrument of crushing. (at the foot/leg, in the foot/leg, in the movement)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of caraṇa

caraṇa - foot, leg, movement, a division of an army

व्यपोथयत् (vyapothayat) - crushed, pounded, destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of puth

Prefix: vi

Root: puth (class 1)