महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-41

रथाश्वमातङ्गपदातिभिस्ततः परस्परं विप्रहतापतन्क्षितौ ।
यथा सविद्युत्स्तनिता बलाहकाः समास्थिता दिग्भ्य इवोग्रमारुतैः ॥४१॥

41. rathāśvamātaṅgapadātibhistataḥ; parasparaṁ viprahatāpatankṣitau ,
yathā savidyutstanitā balāhakāḥ; samāsthitā digbhya ivogramārutaiḥ.

41. rathāśvamātaṅgapadātibhiḥ tataḥ
parasparaṃ viprahatā āpatan kṣitau
yathā savidyutstanitā balāhakāḥ
samāsthitā digbhyaḥ iva ugramārutaiḥ

41. tataḥ rathāśvamātaṅgapadātibhiḥ parasparaṃ viprahatā kṣitau āpatan yathā digbhyaḥ ugramārutaiḥ iva savidyutstanitā balāhakāḥ samāsthitāḥ.

41. Then, (warriors) along with their chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers, having struck one another, fell to the earth, just as clouds, accompanied by lightning and thunder, gather from all directions as if driven by fierce winds.

Words meanings summery:

• रथाश्वमातङ्गपदातिभिः (rathāśvamātaṅgapadātibhiḥ) - along with (their) chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers (describing the context of the fallen warriors) (with chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• परस्परं (parasparaṁ) - by each other (modifying 'struck down') (mutually, each other)

• विप्रहता (viprahatā) - having been struck down (by one another) (struck down, severely wounded, destroyed)

• आपतन् (āpatan) - they fell (to the ground) (they fell, they flew down)

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (introducing a comparison) (as, just as, in what manner)

• सविद्युत्स्तनिता (savidyutstanitā) - with lightning and thunder (accompanied by lightning and thunder)

• बलाहकाः (balāhakāḥ) - clouds (subject of the simile) (clouds)

• समास्थिता (samāsthitā) - having gathered, assembled (having stood together, gathered, assembled, established)

• दिग्भ्यः (digbhyaḥ) - from the directions (of the sky) (from the quarters, from the directions)

• इव (iva) - as if (introducing a further comparison within the simile) (like, as if)

• उग्रमारुतैः (ugramārutaiḥ) - by fierce winds (agent of gathering for clouds) (by fierce winds)

Words meanings and morphology

रथाश्वमातङ्गपदातिभिः (rathāśvamātaṅgapadātibhiḥ) - along with (their) chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers (describing the context of the fallen warriors) (with chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathāśvamātaṅgapadāti

rathāśvamātaṅgapadāti - chariots, horses, elephants, and foot soldiers (collectively)

Dvanda compound of ratha, aśva, mātaṅga, padāti

Compound type : dvandva (ratha+aśva+mātaṅga+padāti)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• mātaṅga – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• padāti – foot soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the categories of combatants or the means by which the implied warriors are fighting/falling.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal root tad (that) + suffix -tas

परस्परं (parasparaṁ) - by each other (modifying 'struck down') (mutually, each other)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular of paraspara (mutual) used as an adverb

विप्रहता (viprahatā) - having been struck down (by one another) (struck down, severely wounded, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viprahata

viprahata - struck down, severely wounded, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with upasargas vi- and pra-

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with an implied subject (e.g., warriors).

आपतन् (āpatan) - they fell (to the ground) (they fell, they flew down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ā-pat

From root pat (to fall, fly) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (e.g., warriors) which viprahatā modifies.

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling, abode

यथा (yathā) - just as (introducing a comparison) (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

सविद्युत्स्तनिता (savidyutstanitā) - with lightning and thunder (accompanied by lightning and thunder)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savidyutstanita

savidyutstanita - accompanied by lightning and thunder

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + vidyut (lightning) + stanita (thunder)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vidyut+stanita)

• sa – with, accompanied by (prefix)
  indeclinable
• vidyut – lightning
  noun (feminine)
• stanita – thunder, thundering
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root stan (to thunder, roar)
  Root: stan (class 1)

Note: In agreement with balāhakāḥ.

बलाहकाः (balāhakāḥ) - clouds (subject of the simile) (clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balāhaka

balāhaka - cloud

Note: Subject of the comparison.

समास्थिता (samāsthitā) - having gathered, assembled (having stood together, gathered, assembled, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāsthita

samāsthita - assembled, gathered, established, taken up a position

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with upasargas sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: In agreement with balāhakāḥ.

दिग्भ्यः (digbhyaḥ) - from the directions (of the sky) (from the quarters, from the directions)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

इव (iva) - as if (introducing a further comparison within the simile) (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

उग्रमारुतैः (ugramārutaiḥ) - by fierce winds (agent of gathering for clouds) (by fierce winds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ugramāruta

ugramāruta - fierce wind, violent gale

Compound of ugra (fierce) and māruta (wind)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ugra+māruta)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, violent, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• māruta – wind, air; a Marut (deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of samāsthitā in the simile.