महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-62, verse-35
तव नरवरवर्यास्तान्दशैकं च वीरान्प्रवरशरवराग्र्यैस्ताडयन्तोऽभ्यरुन्धन् ।
नवजलदसवर्णैर्हस्तिभिस्तानुदीयुर्गिरिशिखरनिकाशैर्भीमवेगैः कुणिन्दाः ॥३५॥
नवजलदसवर्णैर्हस्तिभिस्तानुदीयुर्गिरिशिखरनिकाशैर्भीमवेगैः कुणिन्दाः ॥३५॥
35. tava naravaravaryāstāndaśaikaṁ ca vīrā;npravaraśaravarāgryaistāḍayanto'bhyarundhan ,
navajaladasavarṇairhastibhistānudīyu;rgiriśikharanikāśairbhīmavegaiḥ kuṇindāḥ.
navajaladasavarṇairhastibhistānudīyu;rgiriśikharanikāśairbhīmavegaiḥ kuṇindāḥ.
35.
tava naravaravaryān tān daśa ekam ca vīrān
pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ tāḍayantaḥ abhyarundhan
nava jaladasavarṇaiḥ hastibhiḥ tān
udīyuḥ giriśikharanikāśaiḥ bhīmavegaiḥ kuṇindāḥ
pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ tāḍayantaḥ abhyarundhan
nava jaladasavarṇaiḥ hastibhiḥ tān
udīyuḥ giriśikharanikāśaiḥ bhīmavegaiḥ kuṇindāḥ
35.
tava naravaravaryān tān daśa ekam ca vīrān
pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ tāḍayantaḥ abhyarundhan
tataḥ kuṇindāḥ nava jaladasavarṇaiḥ
giriśikharanikāśaiḥ bhīmavegaiḥ hastibhiḥ tān udīyuḥ
pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ tāḍayantaḥ abhyarundhan
tataḥ kuṇindāḥ nava jaladasavarṇaiḥ
giriśikharanikāśaiḥ bhīmavegaiḥ hastibhiḥ tān udīyuḥ
35.
Your eleven most distinguished heroes, striking (the enemy) with the best of excellent arrows, besieged them. Then, the Kuṇindas, with elephants dark as fresh clouds, resembling mountain peaks, and possessing terrible speed, advanced against them.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- नरवरवर्यान् (naravaravaryān) - the best among men, the most excellent heroes
- तान् (tān) - the enemies mentioned previously (or implied) (those)
- दश (daśa) - ten
- एकम् (ekam) - one
- च (ca) - and, also
- वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave men
- प्रवरशरवराग्र्यैः (pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ) - by the best of excellent arrows
- ताडयन्तः (tāḍayantaḥ) - striking, hitting, wounding
- अभ्यरुन्धन् (abhyarundhan) - they besieged, they obstructed, they surrounded
- नव (nava) - new, fresh
- जलदसवर्णैः (jaladasavarṇaiḥ) - dark like new clouds (having the color of clouds, cloud-colored)
- हस्तिभिः (hastibhiḥ) - by elephants
- तान् (tān) - the eleven heroes mentioned earlier (those)
- उदीयुः (udīyuḥ) - they advanced, they rose up, they attacked
- गिरिशिखरनिकाशैः (giriśikharanikāśaiḥ) - resembling mountain peaks
- भीमवेगैः (bhīmavegaiḥ) - having terrible speed, of dreadful velocity
- कुणिन्दाः (kuṇindāḥ) - the Kuṇindas (name of a people/tribe)
Words meanings and morphology
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvad
tvad - you
नरवरवर्यान् (naravaravaryān) - the best among men, the most excellent heroes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of naravaravarya
naravaravarya - best among men, excellent hero
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vara+varya)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - vara – excellent, best, boon
adjective (masculine) - varya – chosen, excellent, chief
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive/potential participle
Derived from root vṛ (to choose)
Root: vṛ (class 9)
तान् (tān) - the enemies mentioned previously (or implied) (those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
दश (daśa) - ten
(numeral)
एकम् (ekam) - one
(numeral)
Note: Here part of 'eleven', referring to heroes.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave men
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra
vīra - hero, brave, powerful
प्रवरशरवराग्र्यैः (pravaraśaravarāgryaiḥ) - by the best of excellent arrows
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pravaraśaravarāgrya
pravaraśaravarāgrya - best of excellent arrows
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pravara+śara+vara+agrya)
- pravara – excellent, chief, best
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: pra - śara – arrow
noun (masculine) - vara – best, excellent
adjective (masculine) - agrya – foremost, chief, best
adjective (masculine)
ताडयन्तः (tāḍayantaḥ) - striking, hitting, wounding
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tāḍayat
tāḍayat - striking, hitting
Present Active Participle
Derived from the causative of root taḍ (to strike)
Root: taḍ (class 10)
अभ्यरुन्धन् (abhyarundhan) - they besieged, they obstructed, they surrounded
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyarundhan
Imperfect 3rd plural, from root rudh with upasargas abhi
Prefix: abhi
Root: rudh (class 7)
नव (nava) - new, fresh
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of nava
nava - new, fresh, young
Note: Applies to 'jalada' (cloud) within the compound 'navajaladasavarṇaiḥ'
जलदसवर्णैः (jaladasavarṇaiḥ) - dark like new clouds (having the color of clouds, cloud-colored)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of jaladasavarṇa
jaladasavarṇa - cloud-colored, resembling a cloud
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jalada+savarṇa)
- jalada – cloud (giver of water)
noun (masculine)
Compound: jala (water) + da (giving)
Root: dā (class 1) - savarṇa – of the same color, similar, equal
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: sa
Note: Describes the elephants.
हस्तिभिः (hastibhiḥ) - by elephants
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of hastin
hastin - elephant (one having a hand/trunk)
Derived from hasta (hand/trunk)
तान् (tān) - the eleven heroes mentioned earlier (those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
उदीयुः (udīyuḥ) - they advanced, they rose up, they attacked
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of udīyuḥ
Perfect 3rd plural, from root i with upasarga ud
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2)
गिरिशिखरनिकाशैः (giriśikharanikāśaiḥ) - resembling mountain peaks
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of giriśikharanikāśa
giriśikharanikāśa - resembling mountain peaks
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (giriśikhara+nikāśa)
- giriśikhara – mountain peak
noun (neuter)
Compound: giri (mountain) + śikhara (peak) - nikāśa – resemblance, likeness, appearance
noun (masculine)
From root kāś (to shine) with ni
Prefix: ni
Root: kāś (class 1)
Note: Describes the elephants.
भीमवेगैः (bhīmavegaiḥ) - having terrible speed, of dreadful velocity
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhīmavega
bhīmavega - having terrible speed/force
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+vega)
- bhīma – terrible, dreadful
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root bhī (to fear)
Root: bhī (class 3) - vega – speed, velocity, force
noun (masculine)
Derived from root vij (to tremble, to move)
Root: vij (class 6)
Note: Describes the elephants.
कुणिन्दाः (kuṇindāḥ) - the Kuṇindas (name of a people/tribe)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kuṇinda
kuṇinda - name of a mountain tribe or people