महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-39

ततः कुणिन्देषु हतेषु तेष्वथ प्रहृष्टरूपास्तव ते महारथाः ।
भृशं प्रदध्मुर्लवणाम्बुसंभवान्परांश्च बाणासनपाणयोऽभ्ययुः ॥३९॥

39. tataḥ kuṇindeṣu hateṣu teṣvatha; prahṛṣṭarūpāstava te mahārathāḥ ,
bhṛśaṁ pradadhmurlavaṇāmbusaṁbhavā;nparāṁśca bāṇāsanapāṇayo'bhyayuḥ.

39. tataḥ kuṇindeṣu hateṣu teṣu atha
prahr̥ṣṭarūpāḥ tava te mahārathāḥ
bhr̥śaṃ pradadhmuḥ lavaṇāmbuṣaṃbhavān
parān ca bāṇāsanapāṇayaḥ abhyayuḥ

39. tataḥ atha teṣu kuṇindeṣu hateṣu
tava te prahr̥ṣṭarūpāḥ bāṇāsanapāṇayaḥ
mahārathāḥ bhr̥śaṃ lavaṇāmbuṣaṃbhavān
pradadhmuḥ ca parān abhyayuḥ

39. Then, when those Kuṇindas had been killed, your great charioteers, with joyful expressions and bows in hand, loudly blew their conches (born from saltwater) and advanced against the others (enemies).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• कुणिन्देषु (kuṇindeṣu) - among the Kuṇindas (a tribe or group) (among the Kuṇindas, concerning the Kuṇindas)

• हतेषु (hateṣu) - when the Kuṇindas were slain (in those who were killed, among the slain)

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those (referring to the Kuṇindas) (in those, among them)

• अथ (atha) - then (introducing a new action) (now, then, moreover)

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टरूपाः (prahr̥ṣṭarūpāḥ) - with joyful expressions (having delighted forms, joyful in appearance)

• तव (tava) - your (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied context of Mahabharata) (your, of you)

• ते (te) - those (referring to the great charioteers) (those, they)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (main subject) (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

• भ्र्̥शं (bhr̥śaṁ) - loudly, greatly (modifying 'blew') (greatly, exceedingly, intensely)

• प्रदध्मुः (pradadhmuḥ) - they blew (conch shells) (they blew)

• लवणाम्बुषंभवान् (lavaṇāmbuṣaṁbhavān) - conch shells (as they are found in saltwater) (born from saltwater, produced from saltwater)

• परान् (parān) - enemies (others, enemies)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बाणासनपाणयः (bāṇāsanapāṇayaḥ) - with bows in hand (having bows in hand, bow-handed)

• अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they attacked, they advanced against (they attacked, they went towards)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal root tad (that) + suffix -tas

कुणिन्देषु (kuṇindeṣu) - among the Kuṇindas (a tribe or group) (among the Kuṇindas, concerning the Kuṇindas)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kuṇinda

kuṇinda - name of an ancient tribe or people

हतेषु (hateṣu) - when the Kuṇindas were slain (in those who were killed, among the slain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, injured

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: In agreement with kuṇindeṣu and teṣu.

तेषु (teṣu) - in those (referring to the Kuṇindas) (in those, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: In agreement with kuṇindeṣu and hateṣu.

अथ (atha) - then (introducing a new action) (now, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

प्रह्र्̥ष्टरूपाः (prahr̥ṣṭarūpāḥ) - with joyful expressions (having delighted forms, joyful in appearance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahr̥ṣṭarūpa

prahr̥ṣṭarūpa - having a delighted or joyful appearance

Compound of prahr̥ṣṭa (P.P.P. of pra-hr̥ṣ 'to rejoice') and rūpa ('form, appearance')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prahr̥ṣṭa+rūpa)

• prahr̥ṣṭa – delighted, joyful, thrilled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hr̥ṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with upasarga pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hr̥ṣ (class 1)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: In agreement with mahārathāḥ.

तव (tava) - your (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied context of Mahabharata) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

ते (te) - those (referring to the great charioteers) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: In agreement with mahārathāḥ.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (main subject) (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a mighty warrior

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of pradadhmuḥ and abhyayuḥ.

भ्र्̥शं (bhr̥śaṁ) - loudly, greatly (modifying 'blew') (greatly, exceedingly, intensely)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular of bhr̥śa acting as an adverb

प्रदध्मुः (pradadhmuḥ) - they blew (conch shells) (they blew)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pradhmā

From root dhmā (to blow) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dhmā (class 1)

लवणाम्बुषंभवान् (lavaṇāmbuṣaṁbhavān) - conch shells (as they are found in saltwater) (born from saltwater, produced from saltwater)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of lavaṇāmbuṣaṃbhava

lavaṇāmbuṣaṁbhava - born from saltwater, produced from saltwater (often referring to conch shells)

Compound of lavaṇa (salt), ambu (water), and saṃbhava (born from)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lavaṇa+ambu+saṃbhava)

• lavaṇa – salt, salty
  noun (neuter)
• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• saṃbhava – birth, origin, produced from
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be) with upasarga sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of pradadhmuḥ.

परान् (parān) - enemies (others, enemies)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

Note: Object of abhyayuḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions of blowing conches and attacking enemies.

बाणासनपाणयः (bāṇāsanapāṇayaḥ) - with bows in hand (having bows in hand, bow-handed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāṇāsanapāṇi

bāṇāsanapāṇi - having a bow in hand

Compound of bāṇāsana (bow) and pāṇi (hand)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṇāsana+pāṇi)

• bāṇāsana – bow (literally 'arrow-seat')
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of bāṇa (arrow) and āsana (seat)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: In agreement with mahārathāḥ.

अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they attacked, they advanced against (they attacked, they went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-i

From root i (to go) with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)