महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-18

तमभ्यधावन्नकुलः प्रवीरो रोषादमित्रं प्रतुदन्पृषत्कैः ।
कर्णस्य पुत्रं समरे प्रहृष्टं जिष्णुर्जिघांसुर्मघवेव जम्भम् ॥१८॥

18. tamabhyadhāvannakulaḥ pravīro; roṣādamitraṁ pratudanpṛṣatkaiḥ ,
karṇasya putraṁ samare prahṛṣṭaṁ; jiṣṇurjighāṁsurmaghaveva jambham.

18. tam abhyadhāvat nakulaḥ pravīraḥ
roṣāt amitram pratudan pṛṣatkaiḥ
karṇasya putram samare prahṛṣṭam
jiṣṇuḥ jighāṃsuḥ maghavā iva jambham

18. roṣāt pravīraḥ nakulaḥ tam amitram
karṇasya putram samare prahṛṣṭam
pṛṣatkaiḥ pratudan abhyadhāvat
jiṣṇuḥ jighāṃsuḥ maghavā iva jambham

18. The mighty warrior Nakula, enraged, rushed towards him, Karṇa's son, who was exulting in battle, striking the enemy with arrows. He was like the victorious (Jiṣṇu) Indra (Maghavan), desirous of slaying Jambha.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (him)

• अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - rushed towards, ran to

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• प्रवीरः (pravīraḥ) - mighty warrior, excellent hero

• रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of anger

• अमित्रम् (amitram) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (enemy, foe)

• प्रतुदन् (pratudan) - Describes Nakula's action (piercing, striking, goading)

• पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows, with darting shots

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (son)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• प्रहृष्टम् (prahṛṣṭam) - Describing Vṛṣasena (greatly rejoiced, exulting, greatly delighted)

• जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Describes Nakula, comparing him to a victorious warrior like Arjuna (victorious, an epithet of Arjuna)

• जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - Describes Nakula's intent (desirous of killing, wishing to strike)

• मघवा (maghavā) - Indra, the bountiful one

• इव (iva) - like, as

• जम्भम् (jambham) - An Asura slain by Indra (Jambha)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - rushed towards, ran to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhidhā

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

प्रवीरः (pravīraḥ) - mighty warrior, excellent hero

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravīra

pravīra - mighty hero, excellent warrior

Derived from 'vīra' (hero) with prefix 'pra'

रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger, out of anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of roṣa

roṣa - anger, wrath, rage

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

अमित्रम् (amitram) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (enemy, foe)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitra

amitra - enemy, foe, not a friend

Negative compound with prefix 'a'

प्रतुदन् (pratudan) - Describes Nakula's action (piercing, striking, goading)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratudat

pratudat - piercing, striking, goading

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'tud' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: tud (class 6)

पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows, with darting shots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣatka

pṛṣatka - arrow, dart

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Vṛṣasena (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

प्रहृष्टम् (prahṛṣṭam) - Describing Vṛṣasena (greatly rejoiced, exulting, greatly delighted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - greatly pleased, delighted, exulting, elated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hṛṣ' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Describes Nakula, comparing him to a victorious warrior like Arjuna (victorious, an epithet of Arjuna)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu

jiṣṇu - victorious, triumphant; an epithet of Arjuna and Indra

Derived from root 'ji'

Root: ji (class 1)

जिघांसुः (jighāṁsuḥ) - Describes Nakula's intent (desirous of killing, wishing to strike)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desirous of killing, wishing to strike

Desiderative nominal stem

Desiderative of root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

मघवा (maghavā) - Indra, the bountiful one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maghavan

maghavan - Indra; bountiful, liberal

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

जम्भम् (jambham) - An Asura slain by Indra (Jambha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jambha

jambha - Jambha (name of an Asura slain by Indra)