महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-47

रथी द्विपस्थेन हतोऽपतच्छरैः क्राथाधिपः पर्वतजेन दुर्जयः ।
सवाजिसूतेष्वसनस्तथापतद्यथा महावातहतो महाद्रुमः ॥४७॥

47. rathī dvipasthena hato'pataccharaiḥ; krāthādhipaḥ parvatajena durjayaḥ ,
savājisūteṣvasanastathāpata;dyathā mahāvātahato mahādrumaḥ.

47. rathī dvipasthana hataḥ apatat śaraiḥ
krāthādhipaḥ parvatājena durjayaḥ
sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asanaḥ tathā
apatat yathā mahāvātahataḥ mahādrumaḥ

47. durjayaḥ krāthādhipaḥ rathī dvipasthana
parvatājena śaraiḥ hataḥ apatat
sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asanaḥ tathā
apatat yathā mahāvātahataḥ mahādrumaḥ

47. The unconquerable lord of Krātha, fighting from a chariot, was struck by arrows by Parvataja, who was mounted on an elephant, and fell. He collapsed along with his horses, charioteer, arrows, and bow, just like a mighty tree uprooted by a fierce gale.

Words meanings summery:

• रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

• द्विपस्थन (dvipasthana) - by one standing on an elephant, by one mounted on an elephant

• हतः (hataḥ) - struck, killed, wounded

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, collapsed

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• क्राथाधिपः (krāthādhipaḥ) - lord of Krātha, chief of Krātha

• पर्वताजेन (parvatājena) - by Parvataja (son of Parvata)

• दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - difficult to conquer, unconquerable, invincible

• स-वाजि-सूत-इषु-असनः (sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asanaḥ) - with horses, charioteer, arrows, and a bow

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, collapsed

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• महावातहतः (mahāvātahataḥ) - struck by a great wind, battered by a storm

• महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - great tree, mighty tree

Words meanings and morphology

रथी (rathī) - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot, possessing a chariot

द्विपस्थन (dvipasthana) - by one standing on an elephant, by one mounted on an elephant

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dvipastha

dvipastha - one standing on an elephant, elephant rider

Derived from dvipa (elephant) + stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvipa+stha)

• dvipa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, being
  adjective
  derived from root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

हतः (hataḥ) - struck, killed, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, injured, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, collapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The 'a' is the augment for the imperfect tense, not an upasarga.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

क्राथाधिपः (krāthādhipaḥ) - lord of Krātha, chief of Krātha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krāthādhipa

krāthādhipa - lord of Krātha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krātha+adhipa)

• krātha – name of a country or region; a proper noun
  proper noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)

पर्वताजेन (parvatājena) - by Parvataja (son of Parvata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parvatāja

parvatāja - son of Parvata (a personal name or epithet)

Derived from Parvata (mountain, also a sage's name) + ja (born of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+ja)

• parvata – mountain; a proper noun (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Derived from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

दुर्जयः (durjayaḥ) - difficult to conquer, unconquerable, invincible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durjaya

durjaya - difficult to conquer, unconquerable, invincible

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from prefix dur- (difficult) + root ji (to conquer)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (dur+jaya)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
• jaya – conquest, victory
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji
  Root: ji (class 1)

स-वाजि-सूत-इषु-असनः (sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asanaḥ) - with horses, charioteer, arrows, and a bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asana

sa-vāji-sūta-iṣu-asana - equipped with horses, a charioteer, arrows, and a bow

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one who has horses, charioteer, arrows, and a bow'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vājin+sūta+iṣu+asana)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vājin – horse, possessing horses
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• asana – bow (weapon), throwing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root as (to throw)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: The 'sa-' prefix indicates 'with' or 'accompanied by'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अपतत् (apatat) - fell down, collapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The 'a' is the augment for the imperfect tense, not an upasarga.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

महावातहतः (mahāvātahataḥ) - struck by a great wind, battered by a storm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvātahata

mahāvātahata - struck by a great wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahāvāta+hata)

• mahāvāta – great wind, strong gale, storm
  noun (masculine)
• hata – struck, killed, injured
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - great tree, mighty tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādruma

mahādruma - great tree, large tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+druma)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)