महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-62, verse-55

ततः किरीटी परवीरघाती हताश्वमालोक्य नरप्रवीरम् ।
तमभ्यधावद्वृषसेनमाहवे स सूतजस्य प्रमुखे स्थितं तदा ॥५५॥

55. tataḥ kirīṭī paravīraghātī; hatāśvamālokya narapravīram ,
tamabhyadhāvadvṛṣasenamāhave; sa sūtajasya pramukhe sthitaṁ tadā.

55. tataḥ kirīṭī paravīraghātī hatāśvam
ālokya narapravīram tam abhi
adhāvat vṛṣasenam āhave saḥ
sūtajasyá pramukhe sthitam tadā

55. tataḥ paravīraghātī kirīṭī hatāśvam narapravīram ālokya,
tadā sūtajasyá pramukhe sthitam tam vṛṣasenam āhave saḥ abhi adhāvat.

55. Then, Kirīṭī (Arjuna), the slayer of enemy heroes, seeing that foremost among men (Vṛṣasena) whose horses were slain, rushed towards him in battle, as he stood before Karṇa, the son of the charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• किरीटी (kirīṭī) - Arjuna (the one with the diadem) (crowned one)

• परवीरघाती (paravīraghātī) - slayer of enemy heroes

• हताश्वम् (hatāśvam) - whose horses are slain

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, perceiving

• नरप्रवीरम् (narapravīram) - Vṛṣasena (the hero) (foremost among men, excellent hero)

• तम् (tam) - that Vṛṣasena (him, that)

• अभि अधावत् (abhi adhāvat) - rushed towards

• वृषसेनम् (vṛṣasenam) - Vṛṣasena

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

• सूतजस्य्á (sūtajasyá) - of Karṇa (son of a charioteer) (of the son of a charioteer)

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in front of, in the presence of

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

किरीटी (kirīṭī) - Arjuna (the one with the diadem) (crowned one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - wearer of a diadem, crowned, adorned with a crest

परवीरघाती (paravīraghātī) - slayer of enemy heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīraghātin

paravīraghātin - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+ghātin)

• para – other, enemy, superior
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• ghātin – slayer, killer, destroyer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

हताश्वम् (hatāśvam) - whose horses are slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - having slain horses, whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – slain, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -ya (after a prefix)

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

नरप्रवीरम् (narapravīram) - Vṛṣasena (the hero) (foremost among men, excellent hero)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narapravīra

narapravīra - chief of men, excellent hero

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pravīra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – hero, champion, very brave
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that Vṛṣasena (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभि अधावत् (abhi adhāvat) - rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: The 'a' at the beginning of 'adhāvat' is the augment for the imperfect tense. 'Abhi' is a verbal prefix.

वृषसेनम् (vṛṣasenam) - Vṛṣasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vṛṣasena (proper name, son of Karṇa)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

Root: hu (class 3)

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सूतजस्य्á (sūtajasyá) - of Karṇa (son of a charioteer) (of the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūtaja

sūtaja - son of a charioteer; born of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+ja)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix/derived adjective
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in front of, in the presence of

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramukha

pramukha - foremost, principal; front, presence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+mukha)

• pra – before, forward, forth
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, firm, abiding

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)