महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-61

अतिक्लेशेन येऽर्थाः स्युर्धर्मस्यातिक्रमेण च ।
अरेर्वा प्रणिपातेन मा स्म तेषु मनः कृथाः ॥६१॥

61. atikleśena ye'rthāḥ syurdharmasyātikrameṇa ca ,
arervā praṇipātena mā sma teṣu manaḥ kṛthāḥ.

61. atīkleśena ye arthāḥ syuḥ dharmasya atikrameṇa
ca areḥ vā praṇipātena mā sma teṣu manaḥ kṛthāḥ

61. Do not set your mind on those acquisitions that come with excessive effort, or through transgression of natural law (dharma), or by bowing down to an enemy.

Words meanings summery:

• अतीक्लेशेन (atīkleśena) - by great trouble, by excessive effort/pain

• ये (ye) - which, those (who/which)

• अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - objects, purposes, acquisitions, wealth, meanings

• स्युः (syuḥ) - they may be, let them be

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of righteousness, of constitution

• अतिक्रमेण (atikrameṇa) - by transgression, by violation

• च (ca) - and, also

• अरेः (areḥ) - of an enemy

• वा (vā) - or

• प्रणिपातेन (praṇipātena) - by bowing down, by prostration, by submission

• मा (mā) - do not

• स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• तेषु (teṣu) - in them, on them

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should do, you should make

Words meanings and morphology

अतीक्लेशेन (atīkleśena) - by great trouble, by excessive effort/pain

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atīkleśa

atīkleśa - great trouble, excessive effort, severe pain

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+kleśa)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, excessive
  indeclinable
• kleśa – trouble, pain, distress, affliction, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kliś (class 4)

ये (ye) - which, those (who/which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to "arthāḥ" (acquisitions/purposes).

अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - objects, purposes, acquisitions, wealth, meanings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, acquisition

स्युः (syuḥ) - they may be, let them be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

root 'as' (2nd class), optative mood

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From root as 'to be'.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of righteousness, of constitution

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अतिक्रमेण (atikrameṇa) - by transgression, by violation

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atikrama

atikrama - transgression, violation, passing beyond, surpassing

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+krama)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, excessive
  indeclinable
• krama – step, course, transgression, order
  noun (masculine)
  from root kram (to step)
  Root: kram (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अरेः (areḥ) - of an enemy

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ari

ari - enemy, foe

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

प्रणिपातेन (praṇipātena) - by bowing down, by prostration, by submission

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of praṇipāta

praṇipāta - bowing down, prostration, reverence, submission

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with aorist to express prohibition.

स्म (sma) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used to give a past sense to present verbs, but here functions as an intensifier with mā.

तेषु (teṣu) - in them, on them

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to arthāḥ.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, heart

Note: Can also be nominative singular or vocative singular. Here, it is the object of kṛthāḥ.

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should do, you should make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

root 'kṛ' (8th class), aorist, middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with mā for prohibition (e.g., mā kṛthāḥ = do not do).