महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-60

अभिवादनशीलस्य नित्यं वृद्धोपसेविनः ।
चत्वारि संप्रवर्धन्ते कीर्तिरायुर्यशोबलम् ॥६०॥

60. abhivādanaśīlasya nityaṁ vṛddhopasevinaḥ ,
catvāri saṁpravardhante kīrtirāyuryaśobalam.

60. abhivādanaśīlasya nityam vṛddhopasevinaḥ
catvāri sampravardhante kīrtiḥ āyuḥ yaśaḥ balam

60. For one who is by nature respectful and constantly serves the elders, four things always increase: fame, longevity, glory, and strength.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवादनशीलस्य (abhivādanaśīlasya) - of one who is by nature respectful, of one habitually saluting

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• वृद्धोपसेविनः (vṛddhopasevinaḥ) - of one who serves the elders, of one devoted to the aged

• चत्वारि (catvāri) - four

• सम्प्रवर्धन्ते (sampravardhante) - they increase completely, they grow well, they prosper

• कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame, renown, glory

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - longevity, life, span of life

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory, renown, fame, honor

• बलम् (balam) - strength, power, force

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवादनशीलस्य (abhivādanaśīlasya) - of one who is by nature respectful, of one habitually saluting

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abhivādanaśīla

abhivādanaśīla - habitually respectful, of a saluting nature

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one whose nature/habit (`śīla`) is salutation (`abhivādana`)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhivādana+śīla)

• abhivādana – salutation, obeisance, respectful greeting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `vad` (to speak) with prefix `abhi` (towards) and `ana` (lyuṭ) suffix.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: vad (class 1)
• śīla – nature, habit, character, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `śī` (to lie, to practice, to serve).
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Indicates possession or relation, 'for him'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Derived from `ni` (in, down) with the `tya` suffix.

वृद्धोपसेविनः (vṛddhopasevinaḥ) - of one who serves the elders, of one devoted to the aged

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vṛddhopasevin

vṛddhopasevin - serving elders, devoted to the aged

Tatpurusha compound: `vṛddha` (elder) + `upasevin` (one who serves/attends).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛddha+upasevin)

• vṛddha – old, aged, grown, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `vṛdh` (to grow, to increase) with the `ta` suffix.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• upasevin – serving, attending, honoring, devoted
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `sev` (to serve) with prefix `upa` (near, to) and the `in` suffix.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession or relation, 'for him'.

चत्वारि (catvāri) - four

(numeral)

Note: Subject of the verb 'sampravardhante'.

सम्प्रवर्धन्ते (sampravardhante) - they increase completely, they grow well, they prosper

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of sampravṛdh

Root `vṛdh` with prefixes `sam` (completely, together) and `pra` (forward, greatly). `sampravṛdh` means to grow or increase fully/abundantly.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame, renown, glory

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, renown, glory, praise

Derived from root `kīrt` (to mention, to proclaim) with the `ti` suffix.

Root: kīrt (class 10)

आयुः (āyuḥ) - longevity, life, span of life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, longevity, vital power

Derived from root `i` (to go) with the `us` suffix.

Root: i (class 2)

यशः (yaśaḥ) - glory, renown, fame, honor

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - glory, renown, fame, honor, splendor

Derived from root `yas` (to exert, to strive) with the `as` suffix.

Root: yas (class 4)

बलम् (balam) - strength, power, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, might

Derived from root `bal` (to live, to breathe, to be strong) with the `a` suffix.

Root: bal (class 10)