महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-14

तादृशैः संगतं नीचैर्नृशंसैरकृतात्मभिः ।
निशाम्य निपुणं बुद्ध्या विद्वान्दूराद्विवर्जयेत् ॥१४॥

14. tādṛśaiḥ saṁgataṁ nīcairnṛśaṁsairakṛtātmabhiḥ ,
niśāmya nipuṇaṁ buddhyā vidvāndūrādvivarjayet.

14. tādṛśaiḥ saṃgatam nīcaiḥ nṛśaṃsaiḥ akṛtātmabhiḥ
niśāmya nipuṇam buddhyā vidvān dūrāt vivarjayet

14. Having carefully (nipuṇam) discerned with his intellect (buddhi), a wise person (vidvān) should completely avoid (vivarjayet) association (saṃgata) from afar (dūrāt) with such base, cruel, and undisciplined (akṛtātman) individuals.

Words meanings summery:

• तादृशैः (tādṛśaiḥ) - with such, with those of that kind

• संगतम् (saṁgatam) - association, company, union

• नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - with low, with base, with vulgar (people)

• नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - with cruel, with savage, with inhuman (people)

• अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - with uncultivated souls, with undisciplined persons, with unrefined individuals

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having perceived, having observed, having discerned

• निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - skillfully, thoroughly, carefully

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intellect, with understanding, with wisdom

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, a learned person

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should cast off

Words meanings and morphology

तादृशैः (tādṛśaiḥ) - with such, with those of that kind

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nīcaiḥ, nṛśaṃsaiḥ, akṛtātmabhiḥ.

संगतम् (saṁgatam) - association, company, union

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃgata

saṁgata - associated, met; also (as noun) association, company

Past Passive Participle

From sam-gam (to go together, meet)

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of vivarjayet.

नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - with low, with base, with vulgar (people)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nīca

nīca - low, base, vulgar, mean

नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - with cruel, with savage, with inhuman (people)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, savage, inhuman

From nṛ (man) + śaṃsa (praise/curse - ambiguous origin, often interpreted as 'injuring men')

अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - with uncultivated souls, with undisciplined persons, with unrefined individuals

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - having an uncultivated self (ātman), undisciplined, unrefined

Compound: a (not) + kṛta (done, made, cultivated - PPP of kṛ) + ātman (self, soul, character)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kṛta – done, made, performed, cultivated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having perceived, having observed, having discerned

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śam with prefix ni, ending in -ya as per Pāṇini 7.1.37

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - skillfully, thoroughly, carefully

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying niśāmya.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intellect, with understanding, with wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, wisdom

From root budh (to awaken, know)

Root: budh (class 1)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, a learned person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - knowing, wise, learned

Present Active Participle

From root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Functions as the subject of vivarjayet.

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should cast off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vi-vṛj

Causative of root vṛj (to turn), with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛj (class 1)