महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-16

ज्ञातयो वर्धनीयास्तैर्य इच्छन्त्यात्मनः शुभम् ।
कुलवृद्धिं च राजेन्द्र तस्मात्साधु समाचर ॥१६॥

16. jñātayo vardhanīyāstairya icchantyātmanaḥ śubham ,
kulavṛddhiṁ ca rājendra tasmātsādhu samācara.

16. jñātayaḥ vardhanīyāḥ taiḥ ye icchanti ātmanaḥ śubham
kulavṛddhim ca rājendra tasmāt sādhu samācara

16. Relatives (jñāti) should be nurtured (vardhanīyā) by those who desire their own (ātman) well-being (śubha), as well as the prosperity (vṛddhi) of the family (kula). Therefore, O King (rājendra), act (samācara) righteously (sādhu).

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - kinsmen, relatives, family members

• वर्धनीयाः (vardhanīyāḥ) - should be nurtured, should be supported, should be increased

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire, wish, want

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, for oneself, for the self (ātman)

• शुभम् (śubham) - good, welfare, well-being, auspiciousness

• कुलवृद्धिम् (kulavṛddhim) - family growth, prosperity of the family

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing a specific king. (O king, O best of kings)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• साधु (sādhu) - well, properly, rightly, virtuously

• समाचर (samācara) - act, behave, practice, perform

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - kinsmen, relatives, family members

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family member

From root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied 'are'.

वर्धनीयाः (vardhanīyāḥ) - should be nurtured, should be supported, should be increased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vardhanīya

vṛdh - to grow, increase, prosper; (causative) to cause to grow, to nurture

Gerundive

Formed from the causative stem of vṛdh (vardhayati) with suffix -anīya

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, expressing obligation or desirability.

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, used here as correlative to ye

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire, wish, want

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, for oneself, for the self (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Possessive, 'their own (well-being)'.

शुभम् (śubham) - good, welfare, well-being, auspiciousness

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - good, auspicious, prosperous, welfare

Root: śubh (class 1)

कुलवृद्धिम् (kulavṛddhim) - family growth, prosperity of the family

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kulavṛddhi

kulavṛddhi - family growth, prosperity of the family

Compound of kula and vṛddhi

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+vṛddhi)

• kula – family, lineage, clan
  noun (neuter)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'icchanti' (desire) or parallel to śubham.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing a specific king. (O king, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, chief of kings, emperor

Compound: rājan (king) + indra (chief, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – chief, best, Lord (also a Vedic deity)
  noun (masculine)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, used adverbially

साधु (sādhu) - well, properly, rightly, virtuously

(indeclinable)

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

समाचर (samācara) - act, behave, practice, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sam-ā-car

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: car (class 1)