महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-13

यतते चापवादाय यत्नमारभते क्षये ।
अल्पेऽप्यपकृते मोहान्न शान्तिमुपगच्छति ॥१३॥

13. yatate cāpavādāya yatnamārabhate kṣaye ,
alpe'pyapakṛte mohānna śāntimupagacchati.

13. yatate ca apavādāya yatnam ārabhatate kṣaye
alpe api apakṛte mohāt na śāntim upagacchati

13. Such a person strives to find fault (apavāda) and embarks on efforts leading to ruin (kṣaya). Even when only slightly wronged, they do not attain peace (śānti) due to delusion (moha).

Words meanings summery:

• यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, attempts

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपवादाय (apavādāya) - for blame, for criticism, for fault-finding

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor

• आरभते (ārabhate) - undertakes, begins, commences

• क्षये (kṣaye) - in destruction, in ruin, in loss

• अल्पे (alpe) - in a small (matter), in a trifle

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अपकृते (apakṛte) - when wronged, when ill-treated, when a wrong is done

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to confusion, out of ignorance

• न (na) - not, no

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calm

• उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - attains, approaches, obtains

Words meanings and morphology

यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, attempts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yat

Root: yat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अपवादाय (apavādāya) - for blame, for criticism, for fault-finding

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of apavāda

apavāda - blame, reproach, calumny, fault-finding

From apa-vad (to speak against)

Prefix: apa

Root: vad (class 1)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

Root: yat

आरभते (ārabhate) - undertakes, begins, commences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-rabh

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

क्षये (kṣaye) - in destruction, in ruin, in loss

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, loss, ruin

From kṣi (to waste, destroy)

Root: kṣi

अल्पे (alpe) - in a small (matter), in a trifle

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few

Note: Used substantively here, as part of a locative absolute construction.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

अपकृते (apakṛte) - when wronged, when ill-treated, when a wrong is done

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of apakṛta

apakṛta - ill-done, wronged, injured, harmed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from apa-kṛ (to do wrong)

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'alpe'.

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to confusion, out of ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, confusion, infatuation, ignorance

From root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calm

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, quiet

From root śam (to be calm)

Root: śam (class 4)

उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - attains, approaches, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa-gam

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)