महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-58

अक्रोधेन जयेत्क्रोधमसाधुं साधुना जयेत् ।
जयेत्कदर्यं दानेन जयेत्सत्येन चानृतम् ॥५८॥

58. akrodhena jayetkrodhamasādhuṁ sādhunā jayet ,
jayetkadaryaṁ dānena jayetsatyena cānṛtam.

58. akrodhena jayet krodham asādhum sādhunā jayet
jayet kadaryam dānena jayet satyena ca anṛtam

58. One should conquer anger with non-anger, and the wicked with goodness. One should conquer the miserly with generosity (dāna), and falsehood with truth.

Words meanings summery:

• अक्रोधेन (akrodhena) - by non-anger, by absence of anger

• जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, rage

• असाधुम् (asādhum) - the wicked, the evil, the bad (person)

• साधुना (sādhunā) - by goodness, by virtue, by a good person

• जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

• जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

• कदर्यम् (kadaryam) - the miserly, the avaricious, the stingy (person)

• दानेन (dānena) - by giving, by generosity, by charity

• जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood, untruth, lie

Words meanings and morphology

अक्रोधेन (akrodhena) - by non-anger, by absence of anger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akrodha

akrodha - non-anger, absence of anger

Nanj-tatpurusha compound: 'a' (not) + 'krodha' (anger).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+krodha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `krudh` (to be angry) with the Ghañ-pratyaya (a).
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means by which anger is conquered.

जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Expresses an injunction or moral duty.

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, rage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

Derived from root `krudh` (to be angry) with the Ghañ-pratyaya (a).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb 'jayet'.

असाधुम् (asādhum) - the wicked, the evil, the bad (person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asādhu

asādhu - bad, wicked, evil, not good

Nanj-tatpurusha compound: 'a' (not) + 'sādhu' (good).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sādhu)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• sādhu – good, virtuous, righteous, holy
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `sādh` (to accomplish, to perfect) with the `u` suffix.
  Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Object of the verb 'jayet'.

साधुना (sādhunā) - by goodness, by virtue, by a good person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy (person)

Derived from root `sādh` (to accomplish, to perfect) with the `u` suffix.

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Indicates the means by which the wicked are conquered.

जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis with multiple objects.

जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis with multiple objects.

कदर्यम् (kadaryam) - the miserly, the avaricious, the stingy (person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kadarya

kadarya - miserly, stingy, avaricious, contemptible, bad

Karmadhāraya compound: `ku` (bad) + `darya` (worthy of giving/seeing). Contextually, one who is 'bad at giving' or 'not worthy of being given to' (because they are stingy).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ku+darya)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible
  indeclinable
  Used as a prefix for `kad-` (bad).
• darya – deserving, worthy, estimable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root `dā` (to give) or `dṛ` (to see) with the `ya` (ṇyat) suffix, meaning 'to be given' or 'to be seen'.
  Root: dā/dṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of the verb 'jayet'.

दानेन (dānena) - by giving, by generosity, by charity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, generosity, gift, charity

Derived from root `dā` (to give) with the `ana` (lyuṭ) suffix.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the means by which the miserly are conquered.

जयेत् (jayet) - one should conquer, one should overcome, one should win

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis with multiple objects.

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by reality

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

Derived from `sat` (being, existing, present participle of `as`) with the `ya` suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means by which falsehood is conquered.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood, untruth, lie

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, lie, not true

Nanj-tatpurusha compound: 'a' (not) + 'ṛta' (truth, cosmic order).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, righteousness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `ṛ` (to move, to obtain) with the `ta` suffix.
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of the verb 'jayet'.