महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-3

प्रियो भवति दानेन प्रियवादेन चापरः ।
मन्त्रं मूलबलेनान्यो यः प्रियः प्रिय एव सः ॥३॥

3. priyo bhavati dānena priyavādena cāparaḥ ,
mantraṁ mūlabalenānyo yaḥ priyaḥ priya eva saḥ.

3. priyaḥ bhavati dānena priyavādena ca aparaḥ
mantram mūlabalena anyaḥ yaḥ priyaḥ priya eva saḥ

3. One person becomes dear through charity (dāna), and another through pleasant speech. Another becomes dear through his counsel (mantra) and fundamental resources. However, he who is inherently dear remains truly dear.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - Someone who becomes dear to others. (dear, beloved, agreeable, liked)

• भवति (bhavati) - Comes to be considered dear. (becomes, is, exists)

• दानेन (dānena) - By the act of giving gifts or being generous. (by giving, by charity, by a gift)

• प्रियवादेन (priyavādena) - Through speaking agreeably to others. (by pleasant speech, by kind words)

• च (ca) - Connects the two ways of becoming dear. (and)

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - Refers to a second type of person. (another, other)

• मन्त्रम् (mantram) - Strategic counsel or effective advice. (counsel, advice, sacred utterance, secret plan, mantra)

• मूलबलेन (mūlabalena) - By one's intrinsic or foundational power and resources. (by fundamental strength, by core power, by primary force, by resources)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - Refers to a third type of person. (another, other)

• यः (yaḥ) - Introduces a relative clause about the inherently dear person. (who, which, he who)

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - Describing the one who is already dear by nature. (dear, beloved)

• प्रिय (priya) - Emphasizes the dearness. 'He is indeed dear'. (dear, beloved)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the inherent dearness. (indeed, only, certainly)

• सः (saḥ) - Correlate to yaḥ. (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - Someone who becomes dear to others. (dear, beloved, agreeable, liked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, one's own.

From root prī (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

भवति (bhavati) - Comes to be considered dear. (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active

From root bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

दानेन (dānena) - By the act of giving gifts or being generous. (by giving, by charity, by a gift)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity, liberality.

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रियवादेन (priyavādena) - Through speaking agreeably to others. (by pleasant speech, by kind words)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of priyavāda

priyavāda - pleasant speech, kind words.

Compound: priya (pleasant) + vāda (speech).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (priya+vāda)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing.
  adjective (masculine)
  From root prī (to please, love).
  Root: prī (class 9)
• vāda – speech, discourse, statement, argument.
  noun (masculine)
  From root vad (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - Connects the two ways of becoming dear. (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपरः (aparaḥ) - Refers to a second type of person. (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior.

Root: ap (class 1)

मन्त्रम् (mantram) - Strategic counsel or effective advice. (counsel, advice, sacred utterance, secret plan, mantra)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, hymn, prayer, counsel, advice, secret, sacred formula.

From root man (to think) + tra suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

मूलबलेन (mūlabalena) - By one's intrinsic or foundational power and resources. (by fundamental strength, by core power, by primary force, by resources)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūlabala

mūlabala - fundamental strength, core power, main force (of an army), capital, original strength.

Compound: mūla (root, origin, foundation) + bala (strength, force).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+bala)

• mūla – root, basis, origin, foundation, capital.
  noun (neuter)
• bala – strength, power, force, army.
  noun (neuter)
  From root bal (to live, be strong).
  Root: bal (class 1)

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - Refers to a third type of person. (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different.

यः (yaḥ) - Introduces a relative clause about the inherently dear person. (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what.

Relative pronoun.

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - Describing the one who is already dear by nature. (dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing.

From root prī (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Predicative adjective.

प्रिय (priya) - Emphasizes the dearness. 'He is indeed dear'. (dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing.

From root prī (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Used predicatively with eva.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the inherent dearness. (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सः (saḥ) - Correlate to yaḥ. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.