महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-65

दिव्यं वर्षसहस्रं हि विश्वामित्रेण धीमता ।
क्षान्तमेकेन भक्तेन तेन विप्रत्वमागतः ॥६५॥

65. divyaṁ varṣasahasraṁ hi viśvāmitreṇa dhīmatā ,
kṣāntamekena bhaktena tena vipratvamāgataḥ.

65. divyam varṣasahasram hi viśvāmitreṇa dhīmatā
kṣāntam ekena bhaktena tena vipratvam āgataḥ

65. hi dhīmatā viśvāmitreṇa divyam varṣasahasram
ekena bhaktena kṣāntam tena vipratvam āgataḥ

65. Indeed, the wise Viśvāmitra endured a divine thousand years by observing a vow of a single meal (bhakta). Through that (tapas), he attained the status of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, heavenly

• वर्षसहस्रम् (varṣasahasram) - a thousand years

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

• विश्वामित्रेण (viśvāmitreṇa) - by Viśvāmitra

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent, by the wise

• क्षान्तम् (kṣāntam) - endured (austerity/difficulty) (endured, forgiven, patient)

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one

• भक्तेन (bhaktena) - by taking a single meal (a day) (by a meal, by a portion, by a devotee)

• तेन (tena) - through that (austerity/vow) (by that, through that, therefore)

• विप्रत्वम् (vipratvam) - the status of a brahmin (the state of a brahmin, brahminhood)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained (the status of a brahmin) (attained, arrived, approached)

Words meanings and morphology

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, heavenly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, supernatural

Derived from 'div' (heaven, sky).

Note: Agrees with 'varṣasahasram'.

वर्षसहस्रम् (varṣasahasram) - a thousand years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound of 'varṣa' (year) and 'sahasra' (thousand).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – rain, year
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – a thousand
  numeral (neuter)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

An emphatic or causal particle.

विश्वामित्रेण (viśvāmitreṇa) - by Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a celebrated sage, originally a Kṣatriya who became a Brahmarṣi through penance)

Compound of 'viśva' (all) and 'mitra' (friend).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, universal
  adjective (masculine)
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent, by the wise

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful, sagacious

Derived from 'dhī' (thought, intelligence) with suffix '-mat'.

Note: Agrees with 'viśvāmitreṇa'.

क्षान्तम् (kṣāntam) - endured (austerity/difficulty) (endured, forgiven, patient)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣānta

kṣānta - endured, forgiven, patient, calm

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṣam' (to be patient, endure, forgive).

Root: kṣam (class 1)

एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'bhaktena'.

भक्तेन (bhaktena) - by taking a single meal (a day) (by a meal, by a portion, by a devotee)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhakta

bhakta - cooked food, meal, portion, devotee, devoted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhaj' (to divide, to partake, to worship).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

तेन (tena) - through that (austerity/vow) (by that, through that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

विप्रत्वम् (vipratvam) - the status of a brahmin (the state of a brahmin, brahminhood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipratva

vipratva - the state or condition of being a brahmin, brahminhood

Compound of 'vipra' (brahmin) and suffix '-tva' (state of being).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+tva)

• vipra – brahmin, learned man, inspired
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vip' (to tremble, to inspire).
  Root: vip (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting 'ness' or 'hood', abstract noun former
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Suffix used to form abstract nouns, similar to '-ness' or '-hood' in English.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained (the status of a brahmin) (attained, arrived, approached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, attained, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā' (towards). Used here as a finite verb in a passive sense or as a predicate.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implied subject 'Viśvāmitra'.