महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-27

प्रौष्ठपदं तु यो मासमेकाहारो भवेन्नरः ।
धनाढ्यं स्फीतमचलमैश्वर्यं प्रतिपद्यते ॥२७॥

27. prauṣṭhapadaṁ tu yo māsamekāhāro bhavennaraḥ ,
dhanāḍhyaṁ sphītamacalamaiśvaryaṁ pratipadyate.

27. prauṣṭhapadam tu yaḥ māsam ekāhāraḥ bhavet naraḥ
dhanāḍhyam sphītam acalam aiśvaryam pratipadyate

27. However, the person who restricts himself to one meal a day during the month of Bhadrapada, he attains abundant, extensive, and unshakeable prosperity.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रौष्ठपदम् (prauṣṭhapadam) - the month of Bhadrapada (August-September)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• एकाहारः (ekāhāraḥ) - observing a single meal a day (taking one meal a day, one meal)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (in that state) (should be, may be, becomes)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

• धनाढ्यम् (dhanāḍhyam) - abundant (in terms of wealth) (wealthy, rich in wealth)

• स्फीतम् (sphītam) - extensive (flourishing, extensive, abundant, swollen)

• अचलम् (acalam) - unshakeable (immovable, steady, firm)

• ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity (sovereignty, power, dominion, wealth, prosperity)

• प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains ( obtains, attains, gets, understands)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रौष्ठपदम् (prauṣṭhapadam) - the month of Bhadrapada (August-September)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prauṣṭhapada

prauṣṭhapada - the month of Bhadrapada, pertaining to the constellation Purva Bhadrapada

Note: Object of implied 'observes' or 'spends'.

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of bhavet.

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Duration of time.

एकाहारः (ekāhāraḥ) - observing a single meal a day (taking one meal a day, one meal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekāhāra

ekāhāra - taking one meal a day, eating only once, one meal

Compound type : karmadhāraya / bahuvrīhi (eka+āhāra)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral adjective
• āhāra – food, eating, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-hṛ (to take, collect) + ghañ (action suffix)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'naraḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (in that state) (should be, may be, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

Derived from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of bhavet.

धनाढ्यम् (dhanāḍhyam) - abundant (in terms of wealth) (wealthy, rich in wealth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanāḍhya

dhanāḍhya - wealthy, rich in wealth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+āḍhya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, abundant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'aiśvaryam'.

स्फीतम् (sphītam) - extensive (flourishing, extensive, abundant, swollen)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphīta

sphīta - flourished, extensive, abundant, swollen, large

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sphāy (to grow, swell) + kta

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aiśvaryam'.

अचलम् (acalam) - unshakeable (immovable, steady, firm)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of acala

acala - immovable, steady, firm, fixed

Formed with a (negation) + cala (moving)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cala – moving, trembling, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aiśvaryam'.

ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity (sovereignty, power, dominion, wealth, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aiśvarya

aiśvarya - sovereignty, power, dominion, wealth, prosperity, lordliness

Abstract noun from īśvara (lord) + ṣyañ

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of pratipadyate.

प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains ( obtains, attains, gets, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratipad

Present Tense, Ātmanepada

Derived from prati-pad (to go towards, obtain)

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)