महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-64

उपोष्य विधिवद्देवास्त्रिदिवं प्रतिपेदिरे ।
ऋषयश्च परां सिद्धिमुपवासैरवाप्नुवन् ॥६४॥

64. upoṣya vidhivaddevāstridivaṁ pratipedire ,
ṛṣayaśca parāṁ siddhimupavāsairavāpnuvan.

64. upoṣya vidhivat devāḥ tridivam pratipedire
ṛṣayaḥ ca parām siddhim upavāsaiḥ avāpnuvan

64. devāḥ vidhivat upoṣya tridivam pratipedire
ca ṛṣayaḥ upavāsaiḥ parām siddhim avāpnuvan

64. Having properly observed fasting (upavāsa), the gods attained heaven. And the sages achieved supreme perfection (siddhi) through fasts.

Words meanings summery:

• उपोष्य (upoṣya) - having observed fasting (having fasted, having dwelt near)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, according to rule, in due form

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• त्रिदिवम् (tridivam) - heaven, the third heaven

• प्रतिपेदिरे (pratipedire) - attained, obtained

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• च (ca) - and, also

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection, accomplishment, success, spiritual power

• उपवासैः (upavāsaiḥ) - by fasts, through fasting

• अवाप्नुवन् (avāpnuvan) - attained, obtained

Words meanings and morphology

उपोष्य (upoṣya) - having observed fasting (having fasted, having dwelt near)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'upa' (near), implying a religious vow or fasting.

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, according to rule, in due form

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'vidhi' (rule, injunction) with suffix '-vat'.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root 'div' (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

त्रिदिवम् (tridivam) - heaven, the third heaven

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tridiva

tridiva - heaven, the third heaven (often synonymous with svarga)

Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'div' (heaven/sky).

Compound type : dvigu (tri+div)

• tri – three
  numeral
• div – sky, heaven
  noun (feminine)

प्रतिपेदिरे (pratipedire) - attained, obtained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect indicative (lit) of pratipad

Perfect Indicative Middle

3rd person plural, perfect tense, middle voice.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet of Vedic hymns

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

A conjunction particle.

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - other, foreign, subsequent, superior, ultimate, supreme

Note: Agrees with 'siddhim'.

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection, accomplishment, success, spiritual power

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - perfection, accomplishment, success, supernatural power, realization, liberation

From root 'sidh' (to succeed, accomplish).

Root: sidh (class 4)

उपवासैः (upavāsaiḥ) - by fasts, through fasting

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upavāsa

upavāsa - fasting, abstinence from food, a religious fast

From 'upa' (near) + root 'vas' (to dwell, to stay), implying dwelling near the deity, hence fasting.

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

अवाप्नुवन् (avāpnuvan) - attained, obtained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of avāp

Imperfect Indicative Active

3rd person plural, imperfect tense, active voice.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)