महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-22

चैत्रं तु नियतो मासमेकभक्तेन यः क्षपेत् ।
सुवर्णमणिमुक्ताढ्ये कुले महति जायते ॥२२॥

22. caitraṁ tu niyato māsamekabhaktena yaḥ kṣapet ,
suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye kule mahati jāyate.

22. caitram tu niyataḥ māsam ekabhaktena yaḥ
kṣapet suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye kule mahati jāyate

22. yaḥ niyataḥ caitram māsam ekabhaktena kṣapet
(saḥ) suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye mahati kule jāyate

22. Whoever, being self-controlled, observes the month of Chaitra by eating only once a day, is born into a great family, rich in gold, gems, and pearls.

Words meanings summery:

• चैत्रम् (caitram) - Chaitra month

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, disciplined, restrained

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• एकभक्तेन (ekabhaktena) - by observing the vow of eating only one meal a day (by eating only once (a day))

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• क्षपेत् (kṣapet) - should observe or complete (the month) (should spend, should pass)

• सुवर्णमणिमुक्ताढ्ये (suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye) - rich in gold, jewels, and pearls

• कुले (kule) - in a family

• महति (mahati) - great, distinguished

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes

Words meanings and morphology

चैत्रम् (caitram) - Chaitra month

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of caitra

caitra - belonging to the constellation Citrā; the month of Caitra

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

(indeclinable)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled, disciplined, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - restrained, controlled, disciplined, regulated

Past Passive Participle

From √yam (to restrain, control) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

एकभक्तेन (ekabhaktena) - by observing the vow of eating only one meal a day (by eating only once (a day))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ekabhakta

ekabhakta - a single meal; the practice of eating only once a day

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+bhakta)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• bhakta – food, meal; eaten
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhaj (to divide, partake, eat)
  Root: bhaj

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

क्षपेत् (kṣapet) - should observe or complete (the month) (should spend, should pass)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṣip

Root: kṣip (class 6)

सुवर्णमणिमुक्ताढ्ये (suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye) - rich in gold, jewels, and pearls

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhya

suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhya - abundant in gold, jewels, and pearls

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (suvarṇa+maṇi+muktā+āḍhya)

• suvarṇa – gold, good color
  noun (neuter)
• maṇi – jewel, gem
  noun (masculine)
• muktā – pearl
  noun (feminine)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, abundant in
  adjective

कुले (kule) - in a family

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community

महति (mahati) - great, distinguished

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, noble

जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

4th class verb, Ātmanepada

Root: jan (class 4)