महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-39

दशवर्षसहस्राणि स्वर्गे च स महीयते ।
तत्क्षयादिह चागम्य माहात्म्यं प्रतिपद्यते ॥३९॥

39. daśavarṣasahasrāṇi svarge ca sa mahīyate ,
tatkṣayādiha cāgamya māhātmyaṁ pratipadyate.

39. daśavarṣasahasrāṇi svarge ca saḥ mahīyate
tatkṣayāt iha ca āgamya māhātmyam pratipadyate

39. And he is honored in heaven for ten thousand years. After that merit is exhausted, he returns to this world and attains greatness.

Words meanings summery:

• दशवर्षसहस्राणि (daśavarṣasahasrāṇi) - for ten thousand years (ten thousand years)

• स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he (the man from the previous verse) (he, that)

• महीयते (mahīyate) - is honored, glorified (is honored, is glorified, becomes great)

• तत्क्षयात् (tatkṣayāt) - after that merit is exhausted (from its exhaustion, from the end of that)

• इह (iha) - here (on earth, in this world) (here, in this world)

• च (ca) - and

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having returned (to this world) (having come, having approached)

• माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

• प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (obtains, attains, gets, understands)

Words meanings and morphology

दशवर्षसहस्राणि (daśavarṣasahasrāṇi) - for ten thousand years (ten thousand years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of daśavarṣasahasra

daśavarṣasahasra - ten thousand years

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (daśa+varṣa+sahasra)

• daśa – ten
  numeral adjective
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral adjective (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative of duration.

स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial world

Note: Denotes location.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सः (saḥ) - he (the man from the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'mahīyate'.

महीयते (mahīyate) - is honored, glorified (is honored, is glorified, becomes great)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mahī

Denominative verb from mahat, Present Tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd Person Singular

From mahat (great), forms a denominative verb in īya.

Note: The middle voice implies a benefit for the subject.

तत्क्षयात् (tatkṣayāt) - after that merit is exhausted (from its exhaustion, from the end of that)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tatkṣaya

tatkṣaya - exhaustion of that, end of that

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tad+kṣaya)

• tad – that, its
  pronoun
• kṣaya – exhaustion, destruction, end
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṣi 'to waste away, destroy'
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Denotes cause or origin, 'from the exhaustion of that'.

इह (iha) - here (on earth, in this world) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आगम्य (āgamya) - having returned (to this world) (having come, having approached)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root √gam 'to go' with prefix ā-, and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial clause.

माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness (greatness, glory, majesty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māhātmya

māhātmya - greatness, majesty, glory, high-mindedness

Abstract noun from mahātman (great-souled)

Note: Object of 'pratipadyate'.

प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (obtains, attains, gets, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratipad

Present Tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd Person Singular

From root √pad 'to go' (4th class) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Forms an intransitive verb in Ātmanepada here, meaning 'he attains' (for himself).