महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-7

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवं ब्रुवाणं कौन्तेयं धर्मज्ञं धर्मतत्त्ववित् ।
धर्मपुत्रमिदं वाक्यं भीष्मः शांतनवोऽब्रवीत् ॥७॥

7. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evaṁ bruvāṇaṁ kaunteyaṁ dharmajñaṁ dharmatattvavit ,
dharmaputramidaṁ vākyaṁ bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavo'bravīt.

7. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam bruvāṇam
kaunteyam dharmajñam
dharma-tattva-vit dharma-putram idam
vākyam bhīṣmaḥ śāṃtanavaḥ abravīt

7. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca dharma-tattva-vit
bhīṣmaḥ śāṃtanavaḥ evam
bruvāṇam dharmajñam kaunteyam
dharma-putram idam vākyam abravīt

7. Vaiśampāyana said: To the son of Kuntī (kaunteya), the son of Dharma (dharmaputra), who was speaking thus and was knowledgeable in the principles of natural law (dharma), Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu, who knew the essence of natural law (dharma), spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking thus (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's prior question) (speaking, saying)

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī (to the son of Kuntī)

• धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowledgeable in the principles of natural law (dharma) (knowing natural law (dharma), righteous)

• धर्म-तत्त्व-वित् (dharma-tattva-vit) - one who knows the essence of natural law (dharma)

• धर्म-पुत्रम् (dharma-putram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (to the son of Dharma)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, statement

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (a Kuru patriarch)

• शांतनवः (śāṁtanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Mood

3rd person singular Perfect active of `√vac`.

Root: √vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking thus (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira's prior question) (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying, relating

Present Participle

Present participle (Ātmanepada) of `√brū` (to speak).

Root: √brū (class 2)

Note: Modifies `kaunteyam` and `dharmaputram`.

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī (to the son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Patronymic from Kuntī.

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowledgeable in the principles of natural law (dharma) (knowing natural law (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing natural law (dharma), knowledgeable in righteousness

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `√jñā` (to know)
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies `kaunteyam` and `dharmaputram`.

धर्म-तत्त्व-वित् (dharma-tattva-vit) - one who knows the essence of natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-tattva-vit

dharma-tattva-vit - knowing the truth or essence of natural law (dharma)

Compound (tatpuruṣa then upapada).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+tattva+vit)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• vit – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `√vid` (to know)
  Root: √vid (class 2)

Note: Modifies `bhīṣmaḥ`.

धर्म-पुत्रम् (dharma-putram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (to the son of Dharma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma-putra

dharma-putra - son of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira), righteous son

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+putra)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From `√vac` (to speak).

Root: √vac (class 2)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (a Kuru patriarch)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma, name of the son of Śāntanu and Gaṅgā

शांतनवः (śāṁtanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāṃtanava

śāṁtanava - son of Śāntanu (Bhīṣma)

Patronymic from Śāntanu.

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Mood

3rd person singular Imperfect active of `√brū`.

Root: √brū (class 2)