महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-46

पक्षे पक्षे गते राजन्योऽश्नीयाद्वर्षमेव तु ।
षण्मासानशनं तस्य भगवानङ्गिराब्रवीत् ।
षष्टिं वर्षसहस्राणि दिवमावसते च सः ॥४६॥

46. pakṣe pakṣe gate rājanyo'śnīyādvarṣameva tu ,
ṣaṇmāsānaśanaṁ tasya bhagavānaṅgirābravīt ,
ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasahasrāṇi divamāvasate ca saḥ.

46. pakṣe pakṣe gate rājan yaḥ aśnīyāt
varṣam eva tu ṣaṇmāsa anaśanam
tasya bhagavān aṅgirā abravīt ṣaṣṭim
varṣa sahasrāṇi divam āvasate ca saḥ

46. rājan yaḥ pakṣe pakṣe gate varṣam eva tu aśnīyāt,
tasya ṣaṇmāsa anaśanam (iti) bhagavān aṅgirā abravīt.
ca saḥ divam ṣaṣṭim varṣa sahasrāṇi āvasate.

46. O King, whoever eats only once every fortnight for an entire year – Lord Aṅgiras has declared that such a person's act is equivalent to a six-month fast. Furthermore, that person resides in heaven for sixty thousand years.

Words meanings summery:

• पक्षे (pakṣe) - in a fortnight (in a fortnight, on a side, in a party, in a wing)

• पक्षे (pakṣe) - in a fortnight (in a fortnight, on a side, in a party, in a wing)

• गते (gate) - having passed, gone by (having gone, passed, departed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (only once) (should eat, may eat)

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - for a year (duration) (a year, rain)

• एव (eva) - indeed, for the entire (year) (indeed, only, just)

• तु (tu) - indeed (connective) (but, however, and, indeed)

• षण्मास (ṣaṇmāsa) - six months

• अनशनम् (anaśanam) - a fast (not eating) (fasting, not eating)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the person who eats once a fortnight) (his, of him, to him)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - Lord (Angiras) (revered, blessed, Lord)

• अङ्गिरा (aṅgirā) - Sage Angiras (Angiras (name of a sage))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - declared (spoke, said, declared)

• षष्टिम् (ṣaṣṭim) - sixty

• वर्ष (varṣa) - year (year, rain)

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• दिवम् (divam) - heaven (heaven, sky)

• आवसते (āvasate) - dwells, resides

• च (ca) - furthermore, and (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

पक्षे (pakṣe) - in a fortnight (in a fortnight, on a side, in a party, in a wing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - fortnight, side, wing, party, aspect

Note: Dative is also 'pakṣāya', locative 'pakṣe'. Here it's locative of time 'in each fortnight'.

पक्षे (pakṣe) - in a fortnight (in a fortnight, on a side, in a party, in a wing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - fortnight, side, wing, party, aspect

Note: Repetition of a word in locative case often indicates 'each' or 'every'.

गते (gate) - having passed, gone by (having gone, passed, departed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) + kta (past participle suffix)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pakṣe'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Vocative singular form of rājan.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Masculine singular nominative of the relative pronoun 'yad'.

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (only once) (should eat, may eat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of aś

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'aś' (class 9, 'aśnāti')

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Expresses a wish or injunction.

वर्षम् (varṣam) - for a year (duration) (a year, rain)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Accusative of duration.

एव (eva) - indeed, for the entire (year) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed (connective) (but, however, and, indeed)

(indeclinable)

षण्मास (ṣaṇmāsa) - six months

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṣaṇmāsa

ṣaṇmāsa - six months

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṣ+māsa)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of the compound `ṣaṇmāsa-anaśanam`.

अनशनम् (anaśanam) - a fast (not eating) (fasting, not eating)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anaśana

anaśana - fasting, not eating, starvation

Compound of 'an' (not) and 'aśana' (eating)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+aśana)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'aś' + Lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: It's `ṣaṇmāsa-anaśanam` (a six-month fast).

तस्य (tasya) - for him (referring to the person who eats once a fortnight) (his, of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive of possession or reference.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - Lord (Angiras) (revered, blessed, Lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, blessed, divine, prosperous, Lord

Note: Agrees with Aṅgirā.

अङ्गिरा (aṅgirā) - Sage Angiras (Angiras (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgiras

aṅgiras - Angiras (name of a Vedic sage, progenitor of certain priestly families)

Note: Nominative singular of Aṅgiras.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - declared (spoke, said, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'brū' (class 2, 'bravīti'), with 'a' augment for imperfect.

Root: brū (class 2)

षष्टिम् (ṣaṣṭim) - sixty

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `varṣasahasrāṇi` in meaning, though grammatically it's accusative singular.

वर्ष (varṣa) - year (year, rain)

(noun)

neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Part of the compound `varṣa-sahasrāṇi`. Here it's plural because `sahasrāṇi` is plural.

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: `varṣa-sahasrāṇi` is a compound "thousands of years".

दिवम् (divam) - heaven (heaven, sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

Note: Accusative of destination, 'into heaven'.

आवसते (āvasate) - dwells, resides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present Tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vas' (class 1, 'vasati'), with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Note the ā prefix.

च (ca) - furthermore, and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular of `tad`.