महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-31

पक्षे पक्षे गते यस्तु भक्तमश्नाति भारत ।
गवाढ्यो बहुपुत्रश्च दीर्घायुश्च स जायते ॥३१॥

31. pakṣe pakṣe gate yastu bhaktamaśnāti bhārata ,
gavāḍhyo bahuputraśca dīrghāyuśca sa jāyate.

31. pakṣe pakṣe gate yaḥ tu bhaktam aśnāti bhārata
gavāḍhyaḥ bahuputraḥ ca dīrghāyuḥ ca saḥ jāyate

31. bhārata yaḥ tu pakṣe pakṣe gate bhaktam aśnāti
saḥ gavāḍhyaḥ ca bahuputraḥ ca dīrghāyuḥ jāyate

31. O descendant of Bharata, whoever eats a meal only after each fortnight has passed, that person becomes wealthy with cattle, has many sons, and lives a long life.

Words meanings summery:

• पक्षे (pakṣe) - in each fortnight (in the fortnight, on the side, in the wing)

• पक्षे (pakṣe) - in each fortnight (in the fortnight, on the side, in the wing)

• गते (gate) - after it has passed, elapsed (passed, gone, elapsed)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• भक्तम् (bhaktam) - food, meal, rice

• अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats, consumes

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Indian

• गवाढ्यः (gavāḍhyaḥ) - rich in cattle, wealthy with cows

• बहुपुत्रः (bahuputraḥ) - having many sons, prolific in offspring

• च (ca) - and, also

• दीर्घायुः (dīrghāyuḥ) - long-lived

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes, arises

Words meanings and morphology

पक्षे (pakṣe) - in each fortnight (in the fortnight, on the side, in the wing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - fortnight, wing, side, party, opinion

Note: Used distributively with repetition.

पक्षे (pakṣe) - in each fortnight (in the fortnight, on the side, in the wing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - fortnight, wing, side, party, opinion

Note: Used distributively with repetition.

गते (gate) - after it has passed, elapsed (passed, gone, elapsed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, elapsed, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root '√gam' (to go) + suffix '-ta'

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pakṣe'

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

भक्तम् (bhaktam) - food, meal, rice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhakta

bhakta - food, meal, portion, devoted, beloved

Noun derived from √bhaj (to divide, allot, partake) + suffix '-ta'

Root: bhaj (class 1)

अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats, consumes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of aś

Present Active 3rd singular

From √aś (9th class) in present tense, parasmaipada, 3rd singular

Root: aś (class 9)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Indian

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Derived from Bharata + aṇ suffix

गवाढ्यः (gavāḍhyaḥ) - rich in cattle, wealthy with cows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gavāḍhya

gavāḍhya - rich in cattle, wealthy with cows

Compound 'go' (cow) + 'āḍhya' (rich)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (go+āḍhya)

• go – cow, ox, earth, ray of light
  noun (masculine)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, abundant, full of
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied 'saḥ'

बहुपुत्रः (bahuputraḥ) - having many sons, prolific in offspring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuputra

bahuputra - having many sons

Compound 'bahu' (many) + 'putra' (son)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+putra)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied 'saḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दीर्घायुः (dīrghāyuḥ) - long-lived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghāyu

dīrghāyu - long-lived

Compound 'dīrgha' (long) + 'āyu' (life)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dīrgha+āyu)

• dīrgha – long, tall, extensive
  adjective
• āyu – life, duration of life, age
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with implied 'saḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Corresponds to relative pronoun 'yaḥ'

जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of jan

Present Middle 3rd singular

From √jan (4th class) in present tense, ātmanepada, 3rd singular

Root: jan (class 4)