महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-17

मार्गशीर्षं तु यो मासमेकभक्तेन संक्षिपेत् ।
भोजयेच्च द्विजान्भक्त्या स मुच्येद्व्याधिकिल्बिषैः ॥१७॥

17. mārgaśīrṣaṁ tu yo māsamekabhaktena saṁkṣipet ,
bhojayecca dvijānbhaktyā sa mucyedvyādhikilbiṣaiḥ.

17. mārgaśīrṣam tu yaḥ māsam ekabhaktena saṃkṣipet
bhojayet ca dvijān bhaktyā saḥ mucyeta vyādhikilbiṣaiḥ

17. tu yaḥ ekabhaktena mārgaśīrṣam māsam saṃkṣipet dvijān
ca bhaktyā bhojayet saḥ vyādhikilbiṣaiḥ mucyeta

17. But whoever spends the month of Mārgaśīrṣa by eating only one meal a day and feeds brahmins (dvija) with devotion (bhakti), he is freed from diseases and sins.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्गशीर्षम् (mārgaśīrṣam) - the month of Mārgaśīrṣa

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• एकभक्तेन (ekabhaktena) - by (eating) one meal (a day), with a single meal

• संक्षिपेत् (saṁkṣipet) - should spend, should shorten

• भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - should feed, should cause to eat

• च (ca) - and

• द्विजान् (dvijān) - brahmins (dvija), twice-born

• भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion (bhakti), out of devotion

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• मुच्येत (mucyeta) - may be freed, should be liberated

• व्याधिकिल्बिषैः (vyādhikilbiṣaiḥ) - from diseases and sins

Words meanings and morphology

मार्गशीर्षम् (mārgaśīrṣam) - the month of Mārgaśīrṣa

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mārgaśīrṣa

mārgaśīrṣa - the month Mārgaśīrṣa (roughly November-December)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month, moon

एकभक्तेन (ekabhaktena) - by (eating) one meal (a day), with a single meal

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ekabhakta

ekabhakta - one meal, eating only once a day

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+bhakta)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral (masculine)
• bhakta – food, meal, portion
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhaj (to divide, to partake of); here used as a noun meaning 'portion (of food)'.
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

संक्षिपेत् (saṁkṣipet) - should spend, should shorten

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of saṃkṣip

Prefix: sam

Root: kṣip (class 6)

भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - should feed, should cause to eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhuj

Causative

Causative stem bhoj- from bhuj.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्विजान् (dvijān) - brahmins (dvija), twice-born

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), a bird, a tooth

From dvi (twice) + jan (born)

भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion (bhakti), out of devotion

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhakti

bhakti - devotion, attachment, worship, loyalty

From root bhaj (to divide, to partake, to worship)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मुच्येत (mucyeta) - may be freed, should be liberated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

व्याधिकिल्बिषैः (vyādhikilbiṣaiḥ) - from diseases and sins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyādhikilbiṣa

vyādhikilbiṣa - disease and sin

Compound type : dvandva (vyādhi+kilbiṣa)

• vyādhi – disease, sickness, ailment
  noun (masculine)
• kilbiṣa – sin, fault, crime
  noun (neuter)

Note: Here in instrumental plural, meaning 'from diseases and sins'