महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-6

उपोष्य चापि किं तेन प्रदेयं स्यान्नराधिप ।
धर्मेण च सुखानर्थाँल्लभेद्येन ब्रवीहि तम् ॥६॥

6. upoṣya cāpi kiṁ tena pradeyaṁ syānnarādhipa ,
dharmeṇa ca sukhānarthāँllabhedyena bravīhi tam.

6. upoṣya ca api kim tena pradeyam syāt narādhipa
dharmeṇa ca sukhān arthān labhet yena bravīhi tam

6. narādhipa upoṣya ca api tena kim pradeyam syāt ca
yena dharmeṇa sukhān arthān labhet tam bravīhi

6. O king of men, what should be given by such fasting? And tell me by what means one may obtain pleasing objects (artha) through one's intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• उपोष्य (upoṣya) - having fasted, having remained near, having spent (time)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, where?

• तेन (tena) - by that, by him

• प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, what should be given

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by intrinsic nature, by duty

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सुखान् (sukhān) - pleasant, happy, agreeable

• अर्थान् (arthān) - objects, purposes, wealth, aims

• लभेत् (labhet) - one may obtain, one should gain

• येन (yena) - by which, by which means

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

Words meanings and morphology

उपोष्य (upoṣya) - having fasted, having remained near, having spent (time)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root `√vas` (to dwell, to fast) with prefix `upa-`.

Prefix: upa

Root: √vas (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, where?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

Interrogative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

तेन (tena) - by that, by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, what should be given

(adjective)

neuter, singular of pradeya

pradeya - that which is to be given, a gift, an offering

Gerundive

From root `√dā` (to give) with prefix `pra-` and suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: pra

Root: √dā (class 3)

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Mood

3rd person singular Optative active of `√as`.

Root: √as (class 2)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: √pā (class 2)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by intrinsic nature, by duty

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution, religion

From root `√dhṛ` (to uphold, support).

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

सुखान् (sukhān) - pleasant, happy, agreeable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sukha

sukha - pleasant, happy, easy, happiness

Adjective form (accusative plural masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying `arthān`.

अर्थान् (arthān) - objects, purposes, wealth, aims

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - aim, purpose, object, wealth, meaning, thing

From root `√arth` (to seek, to ask).

Root: √arth (class 10)

लभेत् (labhet) - one may obtain, one should gain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of labh

Optative Mood

3rd person singular Optative active of `√labh`.

Root: √labh (class 1)

येन (yena) - by which, by which means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun (masculine/neuter instrumental singular)

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular Imperative active of `√brū`.

Root: √brū (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun