महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-3

नियमं चोपवासानां सर्वेषां ब्रूहि पार्थिव ।
अवाप्नोति गतिं कां च उपवासपरायणः ॥३॥

3. niyamaṁ copavāsānāṁ sarveṣāṁ brūhi pārthiva ,
avāpnoti gatiṁ kāṁ ca upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ.

3. niyamam ca upavāsānām sarveṣām brūhi pārthiva
avāpnoti gatim kām ca upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ

3. pārthiva sarveṣām upavāsānām niyamam ca
brūhi ca upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ kām gatim avāpnoti

3. O king, please explain the regulations for all fasts. And what destiny (gati) does one who is solely devoted to fasting attain?

Words meanings summery:

• नियमम् (niyamam) - rule, observance, regulation

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपवासानाम् (upavāsānām) - of fasts, concerning fasts

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, of everyone

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please explain (tell, speak, say)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O prince)

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destiny, course, destination

• काम् (kām) - which, what kind of

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपवासपरायणः (upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ) - one who is solely devoted to fasting (one devoted to fasting, intent on fasting)

Words meanings and morphology

नियमम् (niyamam) - rule, observance, regulation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - an observance, a rule, a self-imposed restraint; a vow

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपवासानाम् (upavāsānām) - of fasts, concerning fasts

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of upavāsa

upavāsa - fasting, a fast; religious observance involving abstinence from food

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, of everyone

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'upavāsānām'.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - please explain (tell, speak, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O prince)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to the earth; a prince, a king; an epithet for a ruler

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destiny, course, destination

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, course, progress, destiny, state, refuge

Root: gam (class 1)

काम् (kām) - which, what kind of

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Agrees with 'gatim'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपवासपरायणः (upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ) - one who is solely devoted to fasting (one devoted to fasting, intent on fasting)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upavāsaparāyaṇa

upavāsaparāyaṇa - solely devoted to fasting, intent on fasting; one who has fasting as their ultimate goal

Compound type : tatpurusha (upavāsa+parāyaṇa)

• upavāsa – fasting, a fast
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – ultimate aim, chief object, highest resort; devoted to, intent on
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: i (class 2)