महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-109, verse-52

दिवं हंसप्रयुक्तेन विमानेन स गच्छति ।
शतं चाप्सरसः कन्या रमयन्त्यपि तं नरम् ॥५२॥

52. divaṁ haṁsaprayuktena vimānena sa gacchati ,
śataṁ cāpsarasaḥ kanyā ramayantyapi taṁ naram.

52. divam haṃsaprayuktena vimānena saḥ gacchati
śatam ca apsarasaḥ kanyāḥ ramayanti api tam naram

52. He goes to heaven by an aerial chariot drawn by swans. And a hundred celestial maidens (apsaras) also delight that man.

Words meanings summery:

• दिवम् (divam) - to heaven (to heaven, to the sky, to the celestial region)

• हंसप्रयुक्तेन (haṁsaprayuktena) - drawn by swans (yoked by swans, driven by swans)

• विमानेन (vimānena) - by an aerial chariot (by a celestial chariot, by an aerial car)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• गच्छति (gacchati) - he goes (he goes, he moves, he reaches)

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अप्सरसः (apsarasaḥ) - celestial nymphs (apsaras) (celestial nymphs, (apsaras))

• कन्याः (kanyāḥ) - maidens (maidens, girls, unmarried women)

• रमयन्ति (ramayanti) - they delight (they delight, they sport, they cause to enjoy)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• तम् (tam) - that (that (masc. acc. sg.))

• नरम् (naram) - man (man, person)

Words meanings and morphology

दिवम् (divam) - to heaven (to heaven, to the sky, to the celestial region)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, celestial world

Original feminine noun stem `div`.

Note: Used as an accusative of direction.

हंसप्रयुक्तेन (haṁsaprayuktena) - drawn by swans (yoked by swans, driven by swans)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of haṃsaprayukta

haṁsaprayukta - joined to swans, drawn by swans, having swans yoked

From `haṃsa` (swan) + `prayukta` (yoked, joined, employed).

Compound type : tatpurusha (haṃsa+prayukta)

• haṃsa – swan, goose
  noun (masculine)
• prayukta – yoked, joined, employed, equipped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra` + root `yuj` (to join, yoke) with `kta` suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `vimānena`.

विमानेन (vimānena) - by an aerial chariot (by a celestial chariot, by an aerial car)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vimāna

vimāna - celestial chariot, aerial car, palace, measure

From `vi` + root `mā` (to measure) or `man` (to think).

Prefix: vi

Root: mā/man (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `gacchati`.

गच्छति (gacchati) - he goes (he goes, he moves, he reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies `apsarasaḥ kanyāḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अप्सरसः (apsarasaḥ) - celestial nymphs (apsaras) (celestial nymphs, (apsaras))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of apsaras

apsaras - celestial nymph, water-moving (apsu sarati)

From `apsu` (in water) + root `sṛ` (to move).

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `ramayanti`.

कन्याः (kanyāḥ) - maidens (maidens, girls, unmarried women)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter, virgin

From root `kan` (to shine) + `yā` suffix.

Root: kan (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `apsarasaḥ`.

रमयन्ति (ramayanti) - they delight (they delight, they sport, they cause to enjoy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ram

Causative Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

From root `ram` (to be pleased, sport). Causative form `ramayati` means 'to cause to delight' or 'to delight'.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: The subject is `apsarasaḥ kanyāḥ`.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

तम् (tam) - that (that (masc. acc. sg.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the man mentioned in the previous verse.

नरम् (naram) - man (man, person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male

From root `nṛ` (to lead).

Root: nṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `ramayanti`, qualified by `tam`.