महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-7, verse-49

जनयेयुर्भयं ये स्म त्रैलोक्यस्यापि दर्शनात् ।
तान्प्रेक्षमाणोऽपि व्यथां न चकार महाबलः ॥४९॥

49. janayeyurbhayaṁ ye sma trailokyasyāpi darśanāt ,
tānprekṣamāṇo'pi vyathāṁ na cakāra mahābalaḥ.

49. janayeyuḥ bhayam ye sma trailokyasya api darśanāt
tān prekṣamāṇaḥ api vyathām na cakāra mahābalaḥ

49. ye darśanāt api trailokyasya bhayam janayeyuḥ sma
tān prekṣamāṇaḥ api mahābalaḥ vyathām na cakāra

49. These (ghostly) hosts, whose mere sight would instill fear even in the three worlds, yet the mighty Ashvatthama (mahābalaḥ), even observing them, felt no distress.

Words meanings summery:

• जनयेयुः (janayeyuḥ) - they would cause, they might generate

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, danger

• ये (ye) - (those beings/spirits) who (who, which (plural masculine nominative))

• स्म (sma) - (particle used with present tense to indicate past action), indeed

• त्रैलोक्यस्य (trailokyasya) - of the three worlds

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• दर्शनात् (darśanāt) - from the sight, by seeing, from the appearance

• तान् (tān) - those (ghostly hosts) (them (masculine plural accusative))

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - seeing, observing, looking at

• अपि (api) - even (observing them) (even, also, too)

• व्यथाम् (vyathām) - agitation, distress, fear, pain

• न (na) - not, no

• चकार (cakāra) - (he) caused (distress) (did, made, performed)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Ashvatthama (the mighty one) (the mighty one, very powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

जनयेयुः (janayeyuḥ) - they would cause, they might generate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi_liṅ) of jan

Optative (vidhi_liṅ), 3rd person plural, active voice, causative stem ('-ay')

Causative stem 'janay' + optative ending 'īyuḥ'.

Root: jan (class 4)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, danger

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension, danger

Derived from root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

ये (ye) - (those beings/spirits) who (who, which (plural masculine nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

स्म (sma) - (particle used with present tense to indicate past action), indeed

(indeclinable)

त्रैलोक्यस्य (trailokyasya) - of the three worlds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of trailokya

trailokya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and lower regions)

'tri' (three) + 'loka' (world) + 'ya' suffix forming a collective noun.

Compound type : dvigu (tri+loka)

• tri – three
  numeral
• loka – world, region, people
  noun (masculine)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

दर्शनात् (darśanāt) - from the sight, by seeing, from the appearance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, sight, appearance, vision

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix '-ana'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तान् (tān) - those (ghostly hosts) (them (masculine plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - seeing, observing, looking at

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - seeing, observing, looking

Present Middle Participle (śānac)

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'pra-', present tense, middle voice, suffix '-āna'.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

अपि (api) - even (observing them) (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

व्यथाम् (vyathām) - agitation, distress, fear, pain

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - agitation, distress, suffering, fear, pain

Derived from root 'vyath' (to tremble, be agitated).

Root: vyath (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - (he) caused (distress) (did, made, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Perfect form with reduplication 'ca-'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Ashvatthama (the mighty one) (the mighty one, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, powerful; a mighty person

'mahā' (great) + 'bala' (strength).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)