महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-7, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
स एवं चिन्तयित्वा तु द्रोणपुत्रो विशां पते ।
अवतीर्य रथोपस्थाद्दध्यौ संप्रयतः स्थितः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
sa evaṁ cintayitvā tu droṇaputro viśāṁ pate ,
avatīrya rathopasthāddadhyau saṁprayataḥ sthitaḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca saḥ evam cintayitvā tu droṇaputraḥ viśām
pate avatīrya rathopasthāt dadhyau saṃprayataḥ sthitaḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca he viśām pate droṇaputraḥ saḥ evam cintayitvā
tu rathopasthāt avatīrya saṃprayataḥ sthitaḥ dadhyau

1. Sañjaya said: "O Lord of the people, Drona's son, having thus pondered, indeed, descended from the chariot platform and stood composed, engaged in deep meditation (dhyāna)."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, Vyasa's charioteer and narrator (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Drona's son, Ashvatthaman) (he, that)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

• चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having reflected

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Ashvatthaman, the son of Drona (son of Drona)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O Lord of the people (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended, having dismounted

• रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot-platform

• दध्यौ (dadhyau) - he meditated, reflected, concentrated

• संप्रयतः (saṁprayataḥ) - composed, collected, self-controlled

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, being

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, Vyasa's charioteer and narrator (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Drona's son, Ashvatthaman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

(indeclinable)

चिन्तयित्वा (cintayitvā) - having thought, having reflected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the causative stem of 'cit'

Root: cit (class 10)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Ashvatthaman, the son of Drona (son of Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona (Ashvatthaman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (a character in the Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, community

पते (pate) - O Lord of the people (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having descended, having dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṝ (class 1)

रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot-platform

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot-platform, seat of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – seat, platform, lap
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: upa

दध्यौ (dadhyau) - he meditated, reflected, concentrated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dadhyau

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: dhyai (class 1)

संप्रयतः (saṁprayataḥ) - composed, collected, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprayata

saṁprayata - well-controlled, self-controlled, composed, concentrated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yam' with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yam (class 1)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, being

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā'

Root: sthā (class 1)