महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-114, verse-66

स त्वं विद्वन्धर्ममिमं बुद्धिगम्यं कथं नु माम् ।
अपत्यार्थं समुत्क्रम्य प्रमादादिव भाषसे ॥६६॥

66. sa tvaṁ vidvandharmamimaṁ buddhigamyaṁ kathaṁ nu mām ,
apatyārthaṁ samutkramya pramādādiva bhāṣase.

66. saḥ tvam vidvān dharmam imam buddhi_gamyam katham
nu mām apatyārtham samutkramya pramādāt iva bhāṣase

66. You, a learned person who understands this natural law (dharma), which is comprehensible by intellect, how then do you speak to me as if out of carelessness, having transgressed it for the sake of offspring?

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Pandu (that, such a one)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, knowing, wise

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the constitution, natural law, righteousness

• इमम् (imam) - this

• बुद्धिगम्यम् (buddhigamyam) - comprehensible by intellect

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• नु (nu) - then, indeed

• माम् (mām) - me

• अपत्यार्थम् (apatyārtham) - for the sake of offspring

• समुत्क्रम्य (samutkramya) - having transgressed, having violated

• प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - from carelessness, due to error

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Pandu (that, such a one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, knowing, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - learned, knowing, wise

Past Active Participle

√vid + śatṛ

Root: vid (class 2)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the constitution, natural law, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

बुद्धिगम्यम् (buddhigamyam) - comprehensible by intellect

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of buddhigamya

buddhigamya - to be reached by intelligence, comprehensible by intellect

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+gamya)

• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• gamya – to be gone to, accessible, knowable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  √gam + ya
  Root: gam (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - then, indeed

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अपत्यार्थम् (apatyārtham) - for the sake of offspring

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apatyārtha

apatyārtha - for the sake of progeny, purpose of offspring

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apatya+artha)

• apatya – offspring, child
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pat (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

समुत्क्रम्य (samutkramya) - having transgressed, having violated

(indeclinable)

absolutive

sam + ut + √kram + ya

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: kram (class 1)

प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - from carelessness, due to error

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - carelessness, error, folly, negligence

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)