योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-52, verse-54

स्पर्शनाय निजे तत्त्वे यदि जाता त्वगुन्मुखी ।
तत्कोयं स्यादहं नाम कुपिशाच इवोदितः ॥ ५४ ॥

sparśanāya nije tattve yadi jātā tvagunmukhī ,
tatkoyaṃ syādahaṃ nāma kupiśāca ivoditaḥ 54

54. sparśanāya nije tattve yadi jātā tvak unmukhī
tat kaḥ ayam syāt aham nāma kupiśācaḥ iva uditaḥ

54. yadi tvak sparśanāya nije tattve unmukhī jātā,
tat kaḥ ayam aham nāma syāt kupiśācaḥ iva uditaḥ

54. If the skin (tvak) becomes intent (unmukhī) upon its own intrinsic nature (tattva) for the purpose of touch (sparśanāya), then who indeed would be this 'I' (aham), that has arisen like an evil demon (piśāca)?

Words meanings summery:

• स्पर्शनाय (sparśanāya) - for touching, for contact, for sensing by touch

• निजे (nije) - in its own, in one's own

• तत्त्वे (tattve) - The intrinsic nature (tattva) of touch. (in essence, in reality, in truth, in intrinsic nature)

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• जाता (jātā) - become, arisen, born

• त्वक् (tvak) - skin, hide, sense of touch

• उन्मुखी (unmukhī) - intent, facing towards, eager, having the face turned up

• तत् (tat) - then, therefore, that

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, would be

• अहम् (aham) - The true self (aham), distinct from the sense organs and their experiences. (I, myself, ego)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, surely

• कुपिशाचः (kupiśācaḥ) - a bad demon, an evil ghost

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उदितः (uditaḥ) - arisen, appeared, manifested

Words meanings and morphology

स्पर्शनाय (sparśanāya) - for touching, for contact, for sensing by touch

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of sparśana

sparśana - touch, contact, sensing by touch

Derived from root spṛś with suffix -ana (action noun).

Root: spṛś (class 6)

निजे (nije) - in its own, in one's own

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nija

nija - own, proper, personal, inherent

Note: Agrees with tattve.

तत्त्वे (tattve) - The intrinsic nature (tattva) of touch. (in essence, in reality, in truth, in intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, intrinsic nature, principle

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

जाता (jātā) - become, arisen, born

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, become

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan.

Root: jan (class 4)

त्वक् (tvak) - skin, hide, sense of touch

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark, sense of touch

उन्मुखी (unmukhī) - intent, facing towards, eager, having the face turned up

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of unmukha

unmukha - having the face turned upwards or towards, eager, intent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ud+mukha)

• ud – up, out, forth (prefix)
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front, entrance
  noun (neuter)

तत् (tat) - then, therefore, that

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - The true self (aham), distinct from the sense organs and their experiences. (I, myself, ego)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, surely

(indeclinable)

कुपिशाचः (kupiśācaḥ) - a bad demon, an evil ghost

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupiśāca

kupiśāca - a bad ghost, an evil demon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ku+piśāca)

• ku – bad, evil, contemptible (prefix)
  indeclinable
• piśāca – demon, ghost, goblin, fiend
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उदितः (uditaḥ) - arisen, appeared, manifested

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, manifested, spoken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ī (to go) with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: ī (class 2)