योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-52, verse-39

वेद तत्त्वां स्वसंवेद्यमाततं दुःखकारणम् ।
विवेकजेन बोधेन तदिदं हन्यसे मया ॥ ३९ ॥

veda tattvāṃ svasaṃvedyamātataṃ duḥkhakāraṇam ,
vivekajena bodhena tadidaṃ hanyase mayā 39

39. veda tattvam svasaṃvedyam ātatam duḥkhakāraṇam
vivekajena bodhena tat idam hanyase mayā

39. tattvam svasaṃvedyam ātatam duḥkhakāraṇam
veda mayā vivekajena bodhena tat idam hanyase

39. Know that fundamental principle (tattva) which is self-evident, pervasive, and the cause of suffering. With the knowledge born of discrimination (viveka), that very [suffering-causing principle] is now eliminated by me.

Words meanings summery:

• वेद (veda) - know, understand, perceive

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the fundamental principle that is the cause of suffering (reality, truth, principle, essence, fundamental nature)

• स्वसंवेद्यम् (svasaṁvedyam) - self-perceivable, self-knowable, self-evident

• आततम् (ātatam) - pervading, extensive, spread out, diffused

• दुःखकारणम् (duḥkhakāraṇam) - cause of suffering

• विवेकजेन (vivekajena) - born of discrimination, arising from discrimination

• बोधेन (bodhena) - by means of discriminative knowledge (by knowledge, by understanding, by awakening)

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'tattvam' (the cause of suffering). (that, that very (thing/principle))

• इदम् (idam) - this, this very (thing/principle)

• हन्यसे (hanyase) - that very principle is eliminated (is destroyed, is slain, is overcome)

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

वेद (veda) - know, understand, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

From root √vid (class 6).

Root: vid (class 6)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the fundamental principle that is the cause of suffering (reality, truth, principle, essence, fundamental nature)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - reality, truth, principle, essence, fundamental nature

From 'tat' (that) + 'tva' (suffix forming abstract nouns).

स्वसंवेद्यम् (svasaṁvedyam) - self-perceivable, self-knowable, self-evident

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svasaṃvedya

svasaṁvedya - self-perceivable, self-knowable, self-evident

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Compound of 'sva' (self) and 'saṃvedya' (to be known/perceived).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+saṃvedya)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun (neuter)
• saṃvedya – to be known, to be perceived
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √vid with prefix 'sam', suffix '-ya'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid

Note: Modifies 'tattvam'.

आततम् (ātatam) - pervading, extensive, spread out, diffused

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātata

ātata - pervading, extensive, spread out, diffused

Past Passive Participle

From root √tan with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'tattvam'.

दुःखकारणम् (duḥkhakāraṇam) - cause of suffering

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkhakāraṇa

duḥkhakāraṇa - cause of suffering

Compound of 'duḥkha' (suffering) and 'kāraṇa' (cause).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+kāraṇa)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do) + suffix 'ana'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'tattvam'.

विवेकजेन (vivekajena) - born of discrimination, arising from discrimination

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vivekaja

vivekaja - born of discrimination, arising from discrimination

Compound of 'viveka' (discrimination) and 'ja' (born, arising).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viveka+ja)

• viveka – discrimination, discernment, distinguishing
  noun (masculine)
  From √vic (to separate, distinguish) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)
• ja – born, produced from, arising from
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born) + suffix 'a'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'bodhena'.

बोधेन (bodhena) - by means of discriminative knowledge (by knowledge, by understanding, by awakening)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bodha

bodha - knowledge, understanding, awakening, perception

From √budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'tattvam' (the cause of suffering). (that, that very (thing/principle))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that very (thing/principle)

Note: In sandhi with 'idam', it becomes 'tad'.

इदम् (idam) - this, this very (thing/principle)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this very (thing/principle)

Note: Used emphatically with 'tat' to mean "that very thing".

हन्यसे (hanyase) - that very principle is eliminated (is destroyed, is slain, is overcome)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present Passive Middle, 2nd Person Singular

From root √han (class 2). The passive stem is 'hanya'. Middle ending 'se' for 2nd singular.

Root: han (class 2)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'hanyase'.