योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-52, verse-51

कष्टं कोऽयमहं नाम कथं केनोपकल्पितः ।
जगद्बालकवेतालस्तालोत्तालातुलाकृतिः ॥ ५१ ॥

kaṣṭaṃ ko'yamahaṃ nāma kathaṃ kenopakalpitaḥ ,
jagadbālakavetālastālottālātulākṛtiḥ 51

51. kaṣṭam kaḥ ayam aham nāma katham kena
upakalpitaḥ jagadbālakavetālaḥ tālottālātulākṛtiḥ

51. kaṣṭam kaḥ ayam aham nāma katham kena
upakalpitaḥ jagadbālakavetālaḥ tālottālātulākṛtiḥ

51. Alas! Who indeed is this 'I' (aham)? How and by whom was it created? It is like a world-child-ghost, a form as immense and towering as a palm tree, incomparable.

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Alas!, Woe!, Distress, difficulty, suffering

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• अहम् (aham) - The individual self or ego (aham) being questioned. (I, myself, ego)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, surely, as it were

• कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• उपकल्पितः (upakalpitaḥ) - arranged, fashioned, created, imagined, assigned

• जगद्बालकवेतालः (jagadbālakavetālaḥ) - a world-child-ghost, a goblin-child of the world

• तालोत्तालातुलाकृतिः (tālottālātulākṛtiḥ) - having a form that is towering like a palm tree and incomparable

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - Alas!, Woe!, Distress, difficulty, suffering

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an interjection of lamentation.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अहम् (aham) - The individual self or ego (aham) being questioned. (I, myself, ego)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, surely, as it were

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

(indeclinable)

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

उपकल्पितः (upakalpitaḥ) - arranged, fashioned, created, imagined, assigned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upakalpita

upakalpita - arranged, prepared, formed, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kḷp with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: kḷp (class 10)

जगद्बालकवेतालः (jagadbālakavetālaḥ) - a world-child-ghost, a goblin-child of the world

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jagadbālakavetāla

jagadbālakavetāla - a ghost-child of the world, a phantom child of the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jagat+bālaka+vetāla)

• jagat – moving, world, universe
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• bālaka – child, boy, young one
  noun (masculine)
• vetāla – ghost, goblin, phantom, demon
  noun (masculine)

तालोत्तालातुलाकृतिः (tālottālātulākṛtiḥ) - having a form that is towering like a palm tree and incomparable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tālottālātulākṛti

tālottālātulākṛti - having an incomparable form, towering like a palm tree

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tāla+uttāla+atula+ākṛti)

• tāla – palm tree, palmyra tree
  noun (masculine)
• uttāla – very high, lofty, formidable, great, strong
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root tal with prefix ud, meaning 'to rise up'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tal (class 1)
• atula – incomparable, unequalled, immense
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root tul (to weigh) with negative prefix a-.
  Prefix: a
  Root: tul (class 10)
• ākṛti – form, shape, appearance, figure
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to make) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)