योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-52, verse-36

पादाङ्गुष्ठाच्छिरो यावत्कणशः प्रविचारितम् ।
न लब्धोऽसावहं नाम कः स्यादहमिति स्थितः ॥ ३६ ॥

pādāṅguṣṭhācchiro yāvatkaṇaśaḥ pravicāritam ,
na labdho'sāvahaṃ nāma kaḥ syādahamiti sthitaḥ 36

36. pādāṅguṣṭhāt śiraḥ yāvat kaṇaśaḥ pravicāritam na
labdhaḥ asau aham nāma kaḥ syāt aham iti sthitaḥ

36. pādāṅguṣṭhāt śiraḥ yāvat kaṇaśaḥ pravicāritam (sati),
asau aham nāma na labdhaḥ.
(yadi na labdhaḥ),
aham iti sthitaḥ kaḥ syāt?

36. When investigated minutely, particle by particle, from the big toe up to the head, that which is called 'I' was not found. Who, then, could this 'I' be that persists (as such)?

Words meanings summery:

• पादाङ्गुष्ठात् (pādāṅguṣṭhāt) - from the big toe

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• यावत् (yāvat) - up to (as far as, up to, until)

• कणशः (kaṇaśaḥ) - particle by particle, minutely (particle by particle, in atoms, minutely)

• प्रविचारितम् (pravicāritam) - thoroughly investigated (thoroughly investigated, well-considered)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• लब्धः (labdhaḥ) - found (found, obtained, gained)

• असौ (asau) - that (referring to the 'I') (that, he, she, it (remote demonstrative))

• अहम् (aham) - the conceptual 'I' (I)

• नाम (nāma) - named (indicating the conventional designation) (name, by name, indeed, it is said)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (referring to the true nature of 'I') (who, what)

• स्यात् (syāt) - could be (potential mood) (may be, should be, would be)

• अहम् (aham) - the conceptual 'I' (I)

• इति (iti) - in this way (referring to the persistent nature) (thus, in this way)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - persists, remains (standing, situated, existing, remaining)

Words meanings and morphology

पादाङ्गुष्ठात् (pādāṅguṣṭhāt) - from the big toe

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pādāṅguṣṭha

pādāṅguṣṭha - big toe, great toe

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāda+aṅguṣṭha)

• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)
• aṅguṣṭha – thumb, big toe
  noun (masculine)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull

Note: Used with yāvat to indicate extent 'up to the head'

यावत् (yāvat) - up to (as far as, up to, until)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb, indicating extent

कणशः (kaṇaśaḥ) - particle by particle, minutely (particle by particle, in atoms, minutely)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'kaṇa' (particle) with suffix 'śas'

Note: Adverbial suffix -śas denotes 'by way of'

प्रविचारितम् (pravicāritam) - thoroughly investigated (thoroughly investigated, well-considered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pravicārita

pravicārita - thoroughly investigated, well-considered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'pra' + 'vi' + root 'car' + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Implied 'it' (the body or the concept of 'I') was investigated.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle

लब्धः (labdhaḥ) - found (found, obtained, gained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labdha

labdha - found, obtained, gained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'labh' + suffix 'kta'

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'asau aham'.

असौ (asau) - that (referring to the 'I') (that, he, she, it (remote demonstrative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, he, she, it (remote demonstrative)

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

अहम् (aham) - the conceptual 'I' (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used here as a noun, referring to the concept of 'I'.

नाम (nāma) - named (indicating the conventional designation) (name, by name, indeed, it is said)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, fame

Note: Used adverbially here as 'by name' or 'what is called'.

कः (kaḥ) - who (referring to the true nature of 'I') (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Interrogative pronoun

स्यात् (syāt) - could be (potential mood) (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Parasmaipada, Potential Mood

Root: as (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - the conceptual 'I' (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used here as a noun, referring to the concept of 'I'.

इति (iti) - in this way (referring to the persistent nature) (thus, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle, indicating 'as such' or 'in this manner'.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - persists, remains (standing, situated, existing, remaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, remaining

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' + suffix 'kta'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kaḥ'.