योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-48, verse-3

उवाच स्वात्मनैवेदमरण्ये लुठितालये ।
शुष्कास्थिमालावलिते पिशाचक इव द्रुमे ॥ ३ ॥

uvāca svātmanaivedamaraṇye luṭhitālaye ,
śuṣkāsthimālāvalite piśācaka iva drume 3

3. uvāca sva-ātmanā eva idam araṇye luṭhitālaye
śuṣkāsthimālāvalite piśācakaḥ iva drume

3. idam sva-ātmanā eva uvāca,
luṭhitālaye śuṣkāsthimālāvalite araṇye drume piśācakaḥ iva

3. He spoke this to his own self (ātman), in that forest where dwellings lay in ruin, adorned with garlands of dry bones, just like a goblin perched on a tree.

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• स्व-आत्मना (sva-ātmanā) - by his own self, to his own self (ātman)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

• लुठितालये (luṭhitālaye) - in which dwellings have fallen/crumbled

• शुष्कास्थिमालावलिते (śuṣkāsthimālāvalite) - adorned with garlands of dry bones

• पिशाचकः (piśācakaḥ) - a little goblin, an imp

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• द्रुमे (drume) - in a tree

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect, 3rd singular

Perfect form of the root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

स्व-आत्मना (sva-ātmanā) - by his own self, to his own self (ātman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva-ātman

sva-ātman - one's own self, inner self

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+ātman)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego
  noun (masculine)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest, in a wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

लुठितालये (luṭhitālaye) - in which dwellings have fallen/crumbled

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of luṭhitālaya

luṭhitālaya - having fallen dwellings, with crumbled abodes

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (luṭhita+ālaya)

• luṭhita – fallen, crumbled, rolled down
  verbal derivative (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'luṭh'.
  Root: luṭh (class 1)
• ālaya – dwelling, abode, house, receptacle
  noun (masculine)

शुष्कास्थिमालावलिते (śuṣkāsthimālāvalite) - adorned with garlands of dry bones

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śuṣkāsthimālāvalita

śuṣkāsthimālāvalita - adorned/covered with garlands of dry bones

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śuṣkāsthimālā+valita)

• śuṣkāsthimālā – garland of dry bones
  noun (feminine)
• valita – surrounded, encompassed, adorned
  verbal derivative (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'val' (to move, turn) or derived from 'valaya' (to encircle).
  Root: val (class 1)

पिशाचकः (piśācakaḥ) - a little goblin, an imp

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of piśācaka

piśācaka - a little goblin, imp, fiend

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

द्रुमे (drume) - in a tree

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

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