योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-75

आदावेव हि नोत्पन्नं दृश्यं संसारनामकम् ।
यदा तदा कथं तेन वास्यन्ते वासनापि का ॥ ७५ ॥

ādāveva hi notpannaṃ dṛśyaṃ saṃsāranāmakam ,
yadā tadā kathaṃ tena vāsyante vāsanāpi kā 75

75. ādāu eva hi na utpannaṃ dṛśyaṃ saṃsāranāmakam
yadā tadā kathaṃ tena vāsyante vāsanā api kā

75. ādāu eva hi saṃsāranāmakam dṛśyaṃ na utpannaṃ yadā,
tadā tena vāsanā kathaṃ vāsyante? api kā (sā syāt)?

75. Indeed, if the phenomenal world, known as transmigration (saṃsāra), did not arise in the very beginning, then how could latent impressions (vāsanā) be created by it? What kind of latent impressions (vāsanā) would they even be?

Words meanings summery:

• आदाउ (ādāu) - in the beginning, at first

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• न (na) - not

• उत्पन्नं (utpannaṁ) - arisen, produced, born

• दृश्यं (dṛśyaṁ) - the seen, the visible, the phenomenal world

• संसारनामकम् (saṁsāranāmakam) - named saṃsāra, called transmigration (saṃsāra)

• यदा (yadā) - when

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

• तेन (tena) - referring to dṛśyaṃ (the phenomenal world) (by that, by it)

• वास्यन्ते (vāsyante) - will be impressed, will be perfumed, will be imbued

• वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, mental predisposition

• अपि (api) - used here in an interrogative sense, akin to 'what else' or 'what kind of' (also, even, what kind of (interrogative particle))

• का (kā) - what, which

Words meanings and morphology

आदाउ (ādāu) - in the beginning, at first

(indeclinable)

Locative case of ādi (beginning) used adverbially

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

particle

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

particle

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

उत्पन्नं (utpannaṁ) - arisen, produced, born

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - arisen, produced, born, appeared

Past Passive Participle

From root √pad (to go, move) with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

दृश्यं (dṛśyaṁ) - the seen, the visible, the phenomenal world

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - seen, visible, perceptible, the phenomenal world

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -ya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'na utpannaṃ'

संसारनामकम् (saṁsāranāmakam) - named saṃsāra, called transmigration (saṃsāra)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsāranāmaka

saṁsāranāmaka - named saṃsāra, called transmigration

Bahuvrīhi compound: saṃsāra (transmigration) + nāmaka (having the name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃsāra+nāmaka)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• nāmaka – having the name, named
  adjective (masculine)
  From nāman (name) + -ka suffix

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Relative adverb of time

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb of time

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

तेन (tena) - referring to dṛśyaṃ (the phenomenal world) (by that, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Acts as the agent of the passive verb vāsyante.

वास्यन्ते (vāsyante) - will be impressed, will be perfumed, will be imbued

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Root √vas (10th class) used in the sense of 'to impress' or 'to affect'.

Root: vas (class 10)

Note: The active root is 'vas' (to perfume, to affect with impressions, from which vāsanā is derived).

वासना (vāsanā) - latent impression, mental predisposition

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, mental predisposition, habit, desire

Derived from root √vas (to impress, to perfume)

Root: vas (class 4)

अपि (api) - used here in an interrogative sense, akin to 'what else' or 'what kind of' (also, even, what kind of (interrogative particle))

(indeclinable)

Particle

का (kā) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun