बृहत्-पाराशर-होरा-शास्त्रम्
bṛhat-pārāśara-horā-śāstram
-
chapter-3, verse-33
अयनक्षणवारर्तुमासपक्षसमा द्विज ।
सूर्यादीनां क्रमाज्ज्ञेया निर्विशंकं द्विजोत्तम ॥३३॥
सूर्यादीनां क्रमाज्ज्ञेया निर्विशंकं द्विजोत्तम ॥३३॥
33. ayanakṣaṇavārartumāsapakṣasamā dvija .
sūryādīnāṃ kramājjñeyā nirviśaṃkaṃ dvijottama.
sūryādīnāṃ kramājjñeyā nirviśaṃkaṃ dvijottama.
33.
ayana kṣaṇa vāra ṛtu māsa pakṣa samā dvija
sūryādīnām kramāt jñeyā nirviśaṅkam dvijottama
sūryādīnām kramāt jñeyā nirviśaṅkam dvijottama
33.
O twice-born (dvija), O best of twice-born (dvijottama)! The Ayana (half-year), kṣaṇa (moment), day of the week (vāra), season (ṛtu), month (māsa), fortnight (pakṣa), and year (samā) should be known, without any doubt, to correspond respectively to the Sun and other planets (sūryādayaḥ).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अयन (ayana) - half-year period (either Uttarāyaṇa or Dakṣiṇāyana) (solstice, half-year, path, movement)
- क्षण (kṣaṇa) - a unit of time (moment, instant, a very short period of time)
- वार (vāra) - day of the week (day of the week, turn, opportunity)
- ऋतु (ṛtu) - one of the six seasons (season, fixed time)
- मास (māsa) - month (month, moon)
- पक्ष (pakṣa) - fortnight (waxing or waning phase of the moon) (fortnight, wing, side, party)
- समा (samā) - year (as a unit of time) (year, equal, same)
- द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (addressing a Brahmin) (twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); bird, tooth)
- सूर्यादीनाम् (sūryādīnām) - of the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn (of the Sun and others)
- क्रमात् (kramāt) - in order, successively, gradually
- ज्ञेया (jñeyā) - should be known, knowable
- निर्विशङ्कम् (nirviśaṅkam) - without doubt, certainly, fearlessly
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born (addressing a Brahmin) (best of twice-born, chief of Brahmins)
Words meanings and morphology
अयन (ayana) - half-year period (either Uttarāyaṇa or Dakṣiṇāyana) (solstice, half-year, path, movement)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ayana
ayana - solstice, half-year, path, course, movement
Derived from root i (to go)
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
क्षण (kṣaṇa) - a unit of time (moment, instant, a very short period of time)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa
kṣaṇa - moment, instant, leisure, festival
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
वार (vāra) - day of the week (day of the week, turn, opportunity)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāra
vāra - day of the week, turn, time, current, stream
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
ऋतु (ṛtu) - one of the six seasons (season, fixed time)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtu
ṛtu - season, fixed time, period
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
मास (māsa) - month (month, moon)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of māsa
māsa - month, moon
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
पक्ष (pakṣa) - fortnight (waxing or waning phase of the moon) (fortnight, wing, side, party)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pakṣa
pakṣa - fortnight, wing, side, party, period
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
समा (samā) - year (as a unit of time) (year, equal, same)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of samā
samā - year, equal, same
Note: Part of a dvandva compound, but here treated as an individual item.
द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (addressing a Brahmin) (twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); bird, tooth)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
Compound of dvi (two) and ja (born)
Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Vocative case, addressing a Brahmin.
सूर्यादीनाम् (sūryādīnām) - of the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn (of the Sun and others)
(noun)
Genitive, plural of sūryādi
sūryādi - Sun and others, beginning with the Sun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+ādi)
- sūrya – Sun, the Sun god
proper noun (masculine) - ādi – beginning, et cetera, and others
noun (masculine)
Note: Genitive plural of `sūryādi`.
क्रमात् (kramāt) - in order, successively, gradually
(indeclinable)
Note: Ablative singular of krama, used adverbially.
ज्ञेया (jñeyā) - should be known, knowable
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of jñeya
jñeya - to be known, knowable
Gerundive
Derived from root jñā (to know) with suffix -ya
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Feminine plural of the gerundive `jñeya`, meaning "to be known".
निर्विशङ्कम् (nirviśaṅkam) - without doubt, certainly, fearlessly
(indeclinable)
Compound of nis (without) and viśaṅka (doubt/fear)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+viśaṅka)
- nis – without, out, away
indeclinable - viśaṅka – doubt, fear, hesitation
noun (feminine)
Prefix: vi
Note: Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born (addressing a Brahmin) (best of twice-born, chief of Brahmins)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of twice-born (Brahmins), chief of Brahmins
Compound of dvija (twice-born) and uttama (best)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
noun (masculine)
Compound of dvi (two) and ja (born) - uttama – best, highest, excellent
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: ut
Note: Vocative case, addressing a Brahmin.